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Table 3 Secondary safety outcomes

From: Impact of baseline beta-blocker use on inotrope response and clinical outcomes in cardiogenic shock: a subgroup analysis of the DOREMI trial

End point

Beta-blocker (n = 93)

No beta-blocker (n = 99)

Crude RR (95% CI)

P value

Adjusted RRa (95% CI)

P value

Cardiac intensive care unit length of stay greater than or equal to 7 days

31 (33%)

42 (42%)

0.79 (0.54–1.13)

0.19

0.71 (0.48–1.03)

0.07

Acute kidney injuryb

86 (96%)

85 (88%)

1.09 (1.00–1.19)

0.051

1.05 (0.92–1.21)

0.47

Arrhythmia requiring medical team interventionc

51 (55%)

41 (41%)

1.32 (0.98–1.78)

0.06

1.21 (0.89–1.65)

0.23

Atrial arrhythmia requiring medical team intervention

47 (51%)

32 (32%)

1.56 (1.10–2.22)

0.01

1.33 (0.92–1.91)

0.13

Ventricular arrhythmiad

11 (12%)

20 (20%)

0.59 (0.30–1.15)

0.12

0.59 (0.29–1.21)

0.15

Need for oral or intravenous anti-arrhythmic therapy

48 (52%)

36 (36%)

1.42 (1.02–1.97)

0.03

1.30 (0.92–1.85)

0.14

Need for uptitration or addition of vasopressor therapy

91 (98%)

96 (97%)

1.01 (0.96–1.06)

0.70

1.02 (0.86–1.21)

0.84

  1. aAdjusted for age, sex, beta-blocker use, inotrope (dobutamine vs. milrinone), and history of atrial fibrillation; relative risk presented is for β(beta-blocker)
  2. bPatients with a history of renal replacement therapy prior to randomization were excluded from analysis
  3. cDefined as electrical/chemical cardioversion or any intravenous anti-arrhythmia medication administration
  4. dDefined as monomorphic or polymorphic ventricular tachycardia greater than 30 s, or hemodynamically unstable ventricular arrhythmia requiring intervention, or ventricular fibrillation