Table 3 Outcomes of non-invasive ventilation in drowning
From: Treatment of the lung injury of drowning: a systematic review
Study | Outcome measured | Outcome | Confounders |
|---|---|---|---|
Modell et al. [16] | Mortality | 24 spontaneously ventilating patients received intermittent positive end expiratory pressure 10/90 (11%) died | Not controlled for other interventions; outcomes not group specific |
Dick et al. [40] | Mortality | 11/18 (61%) NIV, 2/18 (11%) died | Not controlled for other interventions; outcomes not group specific |
Cerland et al. [39] | Mortality Pneumonia ARDS | 28/144 (19%) NIV 35/144 (24%) pneumonia 23/144 (16%) ARDS 45/144 (31%) died | Not controlled for other interventions; outcomes not group specific |
Michelet et al. [28] | Mortality Conversion to MV Pneumonia Duration NIV | 48/88 (55%) NIV 4/48 (8%) escalated to MV 1/48 (2%) pneumonia 1.4 ± 0.7 days | Not controlled for other interventions |
Michelet et al. [29] | Mortality Pulmonary Complications Duration NIV | 13/76 (17%) NIV 4/76 (5%) pneumonia 15/76 (20%) died 1.3 ± 5 days | Outcomes not group specific |