Table 1 Baseline characteristics and hemodynamic variables before volume expansion in the responders and the non-responders groups
|  | Overall population N = 88 | Responders n = 61 | Non-responders n = 27 | p |
|---|---|---|---|---|
Age (SD) | 70 ± 13 | 71 ± 14 | 67 ± 11 | 0.14 |
Male (%) | 65 (73.9) | 46(75.4) | 19 (70.4) | 0.61 |
Underlying diseases n (%) | Â | Â | Â | Â |
 Heart failure | 19 (21.6) | 12 (25) | 5(19.2) | 0.77 |
 Arterial hypertension | 47 (53.4) | 24 (50) | 16 (61.5) | 0.46 |
 Diabetes | 72 (81.8) | 42 (87.5) | 18 (69.2) | 0.06 |
 Coronary artery disease | 27 (30.7) | 13 (27.1) | 8 (30.8) | 0.79 |
SOFA score mean (SD) | 15 ± 3 | 15 ± 3 | 15 ± 3 | 0.75 |
SAPS II score mean (SD) | 75 ± 25 | 75 ± 24 | 76 ± 25 | 0.85 |
Type of shock | Â | Â | Â | Â |
 Septic (%) | 34 (38.6) | 26 (42.6) | 8 (29.6) | 0.34 |
 Hypovolemic (%) | 11 (12.5) | 7 (11.5) | 4(14.8) | 0.73 |
 Cardiogenic (%) | 10 (11.4) | 6 (9.8) | 4 (14.8) | 0.48 |
 Combined (%) | 33 (37.5) | 22 (36.1) | 11 (40.7) | 0.81 |
Death (%) | 46 (52.3) | 31(50.8) | 15 (55.6) | 0.82 |
Heart rate (bpm) | 110 ± 19 | 109 ± 18 | 111 ± 22 | 0.61 |
Systolic arterial pressure mmHg, mean (SD) | 91.3 ± 10 | 91.3 ± 8 | 91.3 ± 12 | 0.99 |
Diastolic arterial pressure mmHg, mean(SD) | 54.2 ± 9 | 51.2 ± 8 | 61.1 ± 8 | < 0.001 |
Central venous pressure cmH2O mean (SD) | 7.95 ± 2.38 | 6.8 ± 1.48 | 10.6 ± 1.88 | < 0.001 |
Cardiac output (L/min) | 4.88 ± 1.52 | 4.97 ± 1.42 | 4.67 ± 1.75 | 0.39 |
Cardiac index (L/min/m2) mean (SD) | 2.57 ± 0.8 | 2.6 ± 0.74 | 2.46 ± 0.92 | 0.39 |
Oxygen delivery (ml/kg/min) mean (SD) | 446.2 ± 150 | 497.5 ± 131 | 330.5 ± 126 | < 0.001 |
Oxygen consumption (ml/kg/min) mean (SD) | 120.5 ± 51 | 137.3 ± 54 | 95.5 ± 44 | 0.001 |
Lactate (mmol/l) mean(SD) | 3.6 ± 2.58 | 3.5 ± 2.31 | 3.9 ± 3.05 | 0.53 |
ScvO2 (%) | 70.8 ± 7 | 70.5 ± 7 | 71.5 ± 8 | 0.51 |