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Table 2 Characteristics of fluid status and kidney function. Pharmacokinetic parameters of meropenem

From: Impact of cumulative fluid balance on the pharmacokinetics of extended infusion meropenem in critically ill patients with sepsis

Characteristics

Day

Fluid overload

No fluid overload

CFB (L)

1

11.7 (3.3)2,3,#

2.4 (1.8)#

 

2

8.0 (4.3)1,#

3.3 (1.9)#

 

3

6.7 (4.3)1

4.1 (2.6)

24-h urine outputa (L)

1

3.7 (2.1)

2.8 (1.1)

 

2

4.0 (2.0)

3.1 (1.6)

 

3

4.0 (2.1)

3.1 (1.2)

Scrb (μmol/L)

1

91 (46)2,3

81 (36)

 

2

71 (25)1

77 (27)

 

3

69 (15)1

72 (28)

CLcr (L/h)

1

4.9 (2.6)

4.9 (2.2)

 

2

6.8 (2.6)

5.4 (2.7)

 

3

6.1 (2.5)

5.6 (2.9)

CGCLcr (L/h)

1

5.7 (2.1)

6.0 (2.1)

 

2

6.9 (2.6)

6.3 (2.7)

 

3

7.1 (2.5)

6.7 (2.9)

CLme (L/h)

1

8.5 (3.2)3,#

11.5 (3.5)#

 

2

10.9 (3.0)

12.2 (3.6)

 

3

12.4 (3.8)1

11.5 (2.0)

Q12 (L/h)

1

18.4 (1.9)

18.2 (3.6)

 

2

17.5 (2.6)

16.5 (3.0)

 

3

17.6 (1.9)

19.2 (4.6)

V1 (L)

1

14.9 (3.5)#

13.5 (4.1)#

 

2

14.3 (2.3)

14.1 (4.8)

 

3

13.7 (2.0)

14.0 (5.1)

V2 (L)

1

14.0 (1.7)

13.1 (1.7)

 

2

14.6 (1.9)

14.2 (1.8)

 

3

13.8 (1.2)

13.2 (2.8)

t1/2 (h)

1

1.4 (0.63)3,#

0.92 (0.54)#

 

2

0.96 (0.26)

0.86 (0.39)

 

3

0.81 (0.23)1

0.87 (0.40)

  1. Results of the Tukey–Kramer multiple-comparison test (α = 0.05): upper numbers indicate within-group differences between the monitoring Days 1, 2 and 3; # the between-group difference at the particular day. a The urine output rates were higher than the threshold defining oliguria (0.5 mL/kg/h) in all but two patients from the No fluid overload group who fulfilled the criteria for the stage 2 AKI according to KDIGO or the injury class AKI according to RIFLE; b All Scr values were less than 354 micromol/L, i.e., the threshold indicating stage 3 AKI (KDIGO) or the failure class AKI (RIFLE); Abbreviations: CFB cumulative fluid balance, CLcr measured creatinine clearance, CGCLcr creatinine clearace estimated using Cockroft-Gault equation, CLme meropenem total clearance, Q12 inter-compartmental clearance, V1 and V2 meropenem distribution volumes of the central and peripheral compartments, t1/2 biological half-life