Table 1 Comparison of baseline characteristics and outcomes
From: Impact of dexamethasone use to prevent from severe COVID-19-induced acute kidney injury
Total n = 100 | First wave n = 52 | Second wave n = 48 | p-value | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
Baseline characteristics | ||||
Males, No. (%) | 76 (76) | 38 (73) | 38 (79) | 0.49 |
Age (years), mean (SD) | 63 ± 11 | 61 ± 12 | 66 ± 10 | 0.009 |
BMI, mean (SD) | 30 ± 5 | 31 ± 4 | 30 ± 5 | 0.20 |
CKD, No. (%) | 10 (10) | 4 (8) | 6 (12) | 0.51 |
Hypertension, No. (%) | 59 (59) | 30 (58) | 29 (60) | 0.84 |
Diabetes, No. (%) | 33 (33) | 15 (29) | 18 (37) | 0.40 |
Ischemic cardiopathy, No. (%) | 13 (13) | 4 (8) | 9 (19) | 0.14 |
Chronic respiratory disease, No. (%) | 17 (17) | 7 (13) | 10 (21) | 0.43 |
Immunosuppression, No. (%) | 9 (9) | 4 (8) | 5 (10) | 0.73 |
RASi exposure, No. (%) | 35 (35) | 18 (35) | 17 (36) | 1 |
Time between first symptoms and ICU admission (days), mean (SD) | 8 ± 4 | 8 ± 4 | 8 ± 3 | 0.74 |
Time between first symptoms and hospital admission (days), mean (SD) | 7 ± 3 | 7 ± 3 | 6 ± 4 | 0.49 |
Time between hospital admission and ICU admission (days), mean (SD) | 1 ± 2 | 1 ± 2 | 2 ± 3 | 0.31 |
In the first 24 h of ICU hospitalization (before AKI development) | ||||
SAPS II, median [IQR] | 40 [30–52] | 40 [25–60] | 40 [33–46] | 0.65 |
Catecholamine use, No. (%) | 9 (9) | 8 (15) | 1 (2) | 0.03 |
Mechanical ventilation, No. (%) | 48 (48) | 39 (75) | 9 (19) | < 0.001 |
Worst PaO2/FiO2 ratio, median [IQR] | 146 [98–192] | 146 [89–205] | 146 [116–181] | 0.76 |
Intravenous fluid therapy (L), median [IQR] | 2.36 [1.62–3.15] | 2.77 [2.13–3.63] | 1.94 [1.42–2.70] | 0.0023 |
Dexamethasone use, No. (%) | 48 (48) | 0 (0) | 48 (100) | 1 |
Main outcomes | ||||
ICU mortality, No. (%) | 19 (19) | 7 (13) | 12 (25) | 0.20 |
ICU length (days), median [IQR] | 12 [6–25] | 13 [7–27] | 11 [5–22] | 0.26 |
Hospitalization length (days), median [IQR] | 26 [14–39] | 27 [17–45] | 23 [13–30] | 0.04 |
Mortality at D28, No. (%) | 21 (21) | 9 (17) | 12 (25) | 0.46 |
Renal outcomes | ||||
AKI, No. (%) | 56 (56) | 39 (75) | 17 (35) | < 0.001 |
AKI stage | 0.24 | |||
KDIGO 1, No. (%) | 19 (34) | 13 (33) | 6 (35) | |
KDIGO 2, No. (%) | 18 (32) | 15 (38) | 3 (18) | |
KDIGO 3, No. (%) | 19 (34) | 11 (28) | 8 (47) | |
Renal replacement therapy, No. (%) | 12 (12) | 7 (13) | 5 (10) | 0.76 |
Time between AKI and ICU admission (days), median [IQR] | 4 [2–8] | 4 [3–7] | 4 [1–9] | 0.74 |
AKD, No. (%) | 24 (24) | 14 (27) | 10 (21) | 0.49 |