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Table 3 Physiological outcomes in the two groups at different study time points

From: Diaphragm thickening fraction predicts noninvasive ventilation outcome: a preliminary physiological study

Outcome

Study group

P value

NIV success (n = 8)

NIV failure (n = 10)

Diaphragm thickening fraction (%)

 At the enrolment

35 [25.8–67.4]

41.5 [22–56]

0.864

 1 h after the enrolment

37.9 [25.2–50.9]

30.1 [17.8–43.6]

0.41

 4 h after the enrolment

54.2 [41–72.6]

28.2 [19.2–53.8]

0.114

 12 h after the enrolment

53 [39.3–74]

27.4 [21.9–34.5]

0.032

 24 h after the enrolment

55.1 [38–80.9]

33.3 [26.9–63.9]

0.114

 48 h after the enrolment

43.3 [39–54.4]

32.5 [23.8–32.5]

0.067

 72 h after the enrolment

47.5 [39–56]

19.7 [15.1–19.7]

0.383

 96 h after the enrolment

56.9 [45.7–80.3]

23.3 [15.8–23.3]

0.071

Respiratory rate/Diaphragm thickening fraction

 At the enrolment

1.19 [0.84–1.55]

1.09 [0.73–2.42]

0.776

 1 h after the enrolment

0.69 [0.64–1.24]

1.16 [0.61–1.61]

0.315

 4 h after the enrolment

0.40 [0.32–0.78]

1.21 [0.66–1.99]

0.008

 12 h after the enrolment

0.33 [0.27–0.55]

1.39 [0.83–2.00]

0.008

 24 h after the enrolment

0.40 [0.29–0.43]

0.75 [0.42–1.32]

0.114

 48 h after the enrolment

0.42 [0.31–0.60]

0.78 [0.69–0.78]

0.033

 72 h after the enrolment

0.34 [0.32–0.58]

1.07 [0.65–1.07]

0.017

 96 h after the enrolment

0.34 [0.23–0.37]

0.99 [0.71–0.99]

0.036

PaO2/FiO2 ratio (mmHg)

 At the enrolment

87 [75–92]

103 [76–148]

0.36

 1 h after the enrolment

197 [164–301]

140 [112–221]

0.083

 4 h after the enrolment

256 [165–423]

189 [132–246]

0.20

 12 h after the enrolment

245 [152–309]

133 [115–177]

0.022

 24 h after the enrolment

214 [184–406]

173 [134–204]

0.154

 48 h after the enrolment

256 [197–282]

158 [121–158]

0.117

 72 h after the enrolment

246 [199–382]

172 [165–172]

0.517

 96 h after the enrolment

261 [225–395]

162 [152–162]

0.517

PaCO2 (mmHg)

 At the enrolment

31 [29–49]

30 [25–39]

0.515

 1 h after the enrolment

34 [30–41]

32 [24–42]

0.696

 4 h after the enrolment

32 [30–37]

30 [25–44]

0.673

 12 h after the enrolment

31 [30–34]

34 [28–44]

0.445

 24 h after the enrolment

32 [28–36]

31 [28–35]

0.683

 48 h after the enrolment

32 [29–35]

34 [32–34]

0.383

 72 h after the enrolment

32 [30–45]

40 [33–40]

0.517

 96 h after the enrolment

44 [28–48]

37 [35–37]

0.883

Respiratory rate, breaths per minute

 At the enrolment

38 [36–48]

38 [36–46]

0.96

 1 h after the enrolment

29 [23–36]

26 [19–34]

0.51

 4 h after the enrolment

22 [19–28]

30 [25–38]

0.036

 12 h after the enrolment

22 [16–25]

29 [27–34]

0.020

 24 h after the enrolment

21 [16–26]

26 [22–34]

0.154

 48 h after the enrolment

18 [15–22]

25 [25–25]

0.012

 72 h after the enrolment

18 [18–21]

21 [20, 21]

0.133

 96 h after the enrolment

18 [15–20]

23 [16–23]

0.279

  1. Results are displayed as Medians [Interquartile Range]. P values are calculated with Mann–U–Whitney test
  2. NIV non-invasive ventilation