Table 4 Main outcomes from studies measuring evoked force in ICU patients
From: Bedside voluntary and evoked forces evaluation in intensive care unit patients: a narrative review
References | Muscle | Stimulation technique | Number of patients (controls) | Duration of ICU stay or MV$ (days [range]) | Main results |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Finn et al. [12] | Adductor Pollicis | ES | 44 (26) | 9.5 [0–38] | F10/F50* ratio was higher in patients than in controls |
Harris et al. [13] | ES & MS | 12 (38) | 18.5 [1–89] | Force was 40% lower in patients as compared with controls | |
Eikermann et al. [55] | ES | 13 (7) | 13.5 [5–23]$ | Force was 69% lower in patients as compared with controls | |
Connolly et al. [15] | ES | 21 | 13 [9–25] | Force was lower within the 24 h of admission in patients as compared with control values obtained in healthy subjects Force remained unchanged when recorded 7 days after the initial measurements | |
Ginz et al. [56] | Ankle Dorsiflexors | ES | 19 (20) | 7 [N/A] | Force was 20–40% lower in patients as compared with controls |
Ginz et al. [60] | ES | 8 | 5 [2–10] | Force decreased during the ICU stay and recovered after weaning of MV in ICU survivors | |
Silva et al. [14] | Quadriceps | ES# | 30 (30) | 23 [15–26] | Force decreased by ~ 25 and ~ 36% after 14 days of MV |
Laghi et al. [58] | MS | 12 (50) | 9.9 [1–22]$ | Force was 54% lower in patients as compared with controls | |
Vivodtzev et al. [61] | MS | 13 (8) | 7 [N/A] | Force was 75% lower in patients as compared with controls |