Table 1 Demographics, blood tests results at intensive care unit (ICU) admission and during ICU stay, outcomes and complications of the overall population and according to different subgroups
|  | Overall (N = 852) | Enhanced thromboprophylaxis [enoxaparin] (N = 236, 27.7%) | Enhanced thromboprophylaxis [other] (N = 38, 4.5%) | Standard prophylaxis (N = 435, 51%) | Anticoagulation for indication other than prophylaxis [i.e. PE / DVT on admission] (N = 143, 16.8%) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Sex, male, n (%) | 677 (79.5) | 187 (79.2) | 31 (81.6) | 340 (78.2) | 119 (83.2) |
Age, years | 66 (37–85) | 66 (37–85) | 65.5 (37–86) | 66 (16–87) | 67 (27–85) |
Comorbidities, n (%) | |||||
Hypertension | 446 (52.3) | 127 (53.8) | 16 (42.1) | 217 (49.9) | 57 (39.9) |
Diabetes mellitus | 143 (16.8) | 37 (15.7) | 1 (2.6) | 79 (18.2) | 26 (18.2) |
Renal disease | 44 (5.2) | 14 (5.9) | 0 (0.0) | 29 (6.7) | 1 (0.7) |
Cardiac dysfunction | 86 (10.1) | 26 (11) | 1 (2.6) | 41 (9.4) | 18 (12.6) |
Liver disease | 16 (1.9) | 2 (0.8) | 2 (5.2) | 10 (2.3) | 2 (1.4) |
Obesity (BMI > 30 kg/m2) | 235 (27.6) | 72 (30.5) | 10 (26.3) | 111 (25.5) | 42 (29.4) |
Bloods at ICU admission, median (IQR) | |||||
WBC, cells × 109/L | 9.0 (1–89) | 10.6 (1–46) | 9.4 (3–18) | 9.0 (2–89) | 9.1 (3–45) |
D-dimer, ng/mL | 1340 (150–136,076) | 1610 (93–105,990) | 2291 (180–76,400) | 1207 (150–129,064) | 1484 (85–136,076) |
Platelets, cells3/µL | 223 (31–734) | 218 (255–654) | 219 (133–517) | 218 (200–734) | 234 (70–814) |
Fibrinogen, mg/dL | 637 (77–1323) | 613 (100–1276) | 649 (163–999) | 635 (40–1196) | 626.5 (77–1323) |
C-reactive protein, mg/L | 102.3 (1–559) | 146 (0–559) | 162 (3–387) | 136.5 (0–393) | 138.5 (1–255) |
Troponin-I, ng/mL | 0.02 (0–6) | 0.02 (0–2) | 0.03 (0–0) | 0.02 (0–21) | 0.02 (0–3) |
Creatinine, mg/dL | 0.93 (0–7) | 0.82 (0–7) | 1 (1–3) | 0.95 (0–7) | 0.9 (0–8) |
PaO2, mmHg | 80 (25–440) | 76.5 (27–316) | 67.5 (34–189) | 85 (25–440) | 83 (39–489) |
Bloods during ICU stay, median (IQR) | |||||
WBC, cells × 109/L | |||||
 Lowest | 6.1 (0–44) | 6.0 (1–24) | 6.3 (2–18) | 6.1 (1–31) | 5.9 (1–44) |
 Highest | 17.5 (2–132) | 17.8 (2–132) | 15.3 (2–31) | 16.8 (3–68) | 19.6 (5–80) |
D-dimer, ng/mL | |||||
 Highest | 4395 (176–222,032) | 4706.5 (635–222,032) | 6320 (703–798,94) | 3637.5 (201–57,588) | 5273.5 (201–57,588) |
Platelets, cells3/µL | |||||
 Lowest | 169 (110–510) | 174 (30–315) | 189 (91–476) | 173 (18–510) | 146 (11–476) |
 Highest | 380 (700–981) | 397 (175–981) | 417 (154–645) | 379 (118–953) | 366 (70–645) |
Troponin-I, ng/mL | |||||
 Highest | 0.04 (0–10) | 0.03 (0–2) | 0.03 (0–0) | 0.03 (0–10) | 0.05 (0–5) |
Creatinine, mg/dL | |||||
 Highest | 1.4 (0.4–14) | 1.3 (0–12) | 1.2 (1–6) | 1.4 (0–9) | 1.6 (1–14) |
PaO2, mmHg | |||||
 Lowest | 61 (26–150) | 61 (30–107) | 60.9 (34–88) | 61 (26–150) | 62 (33–130) |
Thromboembolic complications* n (%) | |||||
Arterial embolism | 8 (0.9) | 6 (2.5) | 0 (0.0) | 2 (0.5) | 0 (0) |
DVT | 28 (3.2) | 11 (4.6) | 0 (0.0) | 17 (3.9) | 0 (0) |
Line clotted | 21 (2.4) | 5 (2.1) | 1 (2.6) | 15 (3.4) | 0 (0) |
Pulmonary embolism | 57 (6.6) | 21 (8.8) | 4 (10.5) | 32 (7.4) | 0 (0) |
No/NA | 738 (86.6) | 193 (82.0) | 33 (86.9) | 369 (84.8) | 0 (0) |
Haemorrhagic complications n (%) | |||||
Critical haemorrhage | 47 (5.5) | 12 (5.0) | 0 (0.0) | 27 (6.2) | 8 (5.6) |
Non-critical haemorrhage | 58 (6.8) | 16 (6.9) | 2 (5.3) | 28 (6.4) | 12 (8.4) |
No/NA | 747 (87.7) | 208 (88.1) | 36 (94.7) | 380 (87.4) | 123 (86.0) |