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Table 1 Ventilator settings, neuromonitoring values, and hemodynamic data at time points T0 (before rescue therapy) and T1 (after rescue therapy)

From: Early effects of ventilatory rescue therapies on systemic and cerebral oxygenation in mechanically ventilated COVID-19 patients with acute respiratory distress syndrome: a prospective observational study

Parameter

All (N = 45)

RM (N = 22)RM (N = 22)

Prone position (N = 10)

T0

T1

p value

T0

T1

p value

T0

T1

p value

Primary outcome

rSO2 (%)

53 [51–55]

52 [49–59]

0.692

52 [51–54]

48.5 [47–50]

 < 0.0001*

53 [52–54]

59.5 [59–64]

0.005*

PaO2 /FiO2

66 [62–72]

71 [67–74]

0.002*

66 [62–72]

67.5 [63–72]

0.189

62 [56–71]

81.5 [76–87]

0.005*

SpO2 (%)

88 [87–90]

91 [89–92]

 < 0.0001*

88 [87–89]

89 [88–91]

0.072

87 [86–88]

93 [89–96]

0.005*

Ventilator settings

PEEP (cmH2O)

12 [11–13]

12 [11–13]

0.169

12 [11–13]

12 [10–13]

0.157

12 [11–13]

12 [10–13]

0.317

Pplat (cmH2O)

29 [28–30]

29 [28–30]

0.698

29 [28–30]

29 [28–30]

1.000

29 [28–30]

29 [28–30]

1.000

VT/PBW (mL/Kg)

5.7 [5.5–6.2]

5.9 [4.9–6.9]

0.086

6.7 [6–7.1]

6.3 [5.4–6.6]

0.001*

5.4 [5.1–6.1]

6.3 [6–7.1]

0.005*

RR (n/min)

26 [24.5–27.5]

26 [24.5–28]

0.026*

25 [24–26]

25 [24–26]

0.109

27.5 [26–28]

27.5 [26–28]

1.000

Crs (mL/cmH2O)

20.1 [18.2–24.7]

19.8 [17.8–23.5]

0.615

21.6 [19.4–25.2]

20.1 [19.6–24.5]

0.200

14.9 [13.4–18.6]

23.4 [19.5–26.4]

0.005*

Neuromonitoring

ΔcHbi

4.3 [3–6]

4.7 [2.6–7.7]

0.157

5 [3.7–6.1]

3.2 [2.5–4.6]

 < 0.0001*

4.5 [2.4–6.5]

10.2 [8.9–12.4]

0.005*

ΔO2Hbi

3.2 [2.7–4.2]

2.1 [1.4–5.3]

0.991

3.7 [2.9–4.4]

1.7 [1.3–2.1]

 < 0.0001*

3.5 [2.1–4.6]

8 [6.3–8.8]

0.005*

ΔHHbi

0.9 [0.3–1.8]

2.1 [1.2–2.8]

 < 0.0001*

1.1 [0.8–1.8]

1.3 [1.1–2.2]

0.001*

1 [0.2–1.9]

2.3 [2.1–3.9]

0.005*

nICP (mmHg)

17 [15.5–19]

21 [17–26]

 < 0.0001*

17.5 [15–19]

26 [24–28]

 < 0.0001*

16 [15–18]

18 [16–20]

0.016*

nCPP (mmHg)

55 [51–60]

50 [39–59]

0.001*

54 [50–62]

39 [35–44]

 < 0.0001*

55.5 [53–58]

60.5 [59–63]

0.011*

ΔSpO2rSO2 (%)

36 [37–37

38 [33–41]

0.001*

36 [35–37]

41 [38–43]

 < 0.0001*

33.5 [32–35]

31.5 [30–33.5]

0.134

Other arterial blood gas values

pHa

7.37 [7.33–7.41]

7.38 [7.35–7.41]

0.017*

7.38 [7.34–7.41]

7.38 [7.35–7.42]

0.466

7.37 [7.34–7.41]

7.41 [7.38–7.43]

0.024*

PaCO2 (mmHg)

54 [48–64]

53 [47–63]

 < 0.0001*

51 [46–56]

50 [45–56]

0.108

53.5 [47–71]

53.3 [47–69]

0.021*

Hemodynamics

Hb (mg/dL)

8.5 [8.1–8.8]

8.3 [8.1–8.7]

0.119

8.6 [8.2–8.8]

8.4 [8.3–8.8]

0.343

8.5 [8.1–8.9]

8.3 [8.1–8.7]

0.321

MAP (mmHg)

72 [68–76.5]

71 [65–76]

0.013*

71.5 [67–76]

64 [59–68]

 < 0.0001*

72.5 [68–75]

78.5 [71–84]

0.005*

HR (n/min)

75 [65–88.5]

77 [68–94]

0.015*

77.5 [68–89]

79 [69–91]

0.009*

77 [75–85]

78 [72–83]

0.878

Parameter

iNO (N = 9)

ECCO2R (N = 4)

T0

T1

p value

T0

T1

p value

Primary outcome

rSO2 (%)

53 [51–56]

57 [55–59]

0.007*

59 [55.5–64.5]

56 [52.5–62]

0.002*

PaO2 /FiO2

65 [67–73]

72 [67–73]

0.015*

75 [74.5–78.5]

63.5 [60–69.5]

0.009*

SpO2 (%)

89 [88–90]

92 [91–93]

0.016*

93 [91.5–94]

89.5 [87.5–91]

0.01*

Ventilator settings

PEEP (cmH2O)

12 [11–14]

12 [10–13]

0.025*

12 [1113]

10.5 [10–11]

0.103

Pplat (cmH2O)

29 [28–29]

29 [28–29]

1.000

29.5 [28–30.5]

29.5 [28–30.5]

0.543

VT/PBW (mL/Kg)

5.7 [5.2–7.4]

5.9 [5.3–7.2]

0.441

5.7 [3–6.7]

4.3 [3.8–6]

0.068

RR (n/min)

25 [20–26]

26 [22–26]

0.102

29 [27–30]

29 [27–30]

0.225

Crs (mL/cmH2O)

20.8 [19.3–26.5]

16.7 [19.6– 26.6]

0.086

17 [15.9–18.9]

13.5 [11.3–15.7]

0.465

Neuromonitoring

ΔcHbi

3.1 [3–4.3]

7.1 [7–8.1]

0.008*

3.6 [2.7–4.2]

1.3 [0.7–1.9]

0.002*

ΔO2Hbi

2.8 [2.6–3.7]

4.7 [4.1–5.2]

0.008*

3 [2.3–3.4]

0.6 [0.2–1.2]

0.002*

ΔHHbi

0.4 [0.3–1.2]

2.8 [1.9–2.9]

0.008*

0.6 [0.3–0.8]

0.7 [0.4–0.8]

0.182

nICP (mmHg)

18 [17–19]

17 [16–18]

0.033*

22.5 [19–26]

18.5 [15–23]

0.006*

nCPP (mmHg)

59 [54–60]

59 [53–60]

0.395

50.5 [50–52]

53 [52–54.5]

0.059

ΔSpO2rSO2 (%)

36 [34–37]

35 [33––37]

0.320

34 [29.5–36]

33.5 [29–35]

0.058

Other arterial blood gas values

pHa

7.36 [7.35–7.38]

7.38 [7.36–7.39]

0.031*

7.21 [7.19–7.26]

7.36 [7.34–7.37]

0.008*

PaCO2 (mmHg)

54 [48–68]

55[48–67]

0.058

100 [99–100]

72 [70–73]

 < 0.0001*

Hemodynamics

Hb (mg/dL)

8.1 [7.9–8.3]

8.3 [7.7–8.3]

0.432

8.1 [7.8–8.5]

8.2 [7.9–8.5]

0.314

MAP (mmHg)

76 [71–76]

75 [70–77]

0.248

73 [69–78]

71.5 [67–77.5]

0.141

HR (n/min)

69 [64–75]

67 [65–89]

0.917

65.5 [65–71.5]

73 [69.5–78]

0.049*

  1. Values are presented as median and Interquartile range if not otherwise specified
  2. ECCO2R extracorporeal carbon dioxide removal, RM recruitment maneuvers, iNO inhaled nitric oxide, PaO2 partial pressure of oxygen, FiO2 inspired fraction of oxygen ratio, SpO2 oxygen saturation, PEEP positive end-expiratory pressure, Pplat plateau pressure, VT tidal volume, PBW predicted body weight, RR respiratory rate, Crs respiratory system compliance, rSO2 cerebral oxygenation saturation, nICP noninvasive intracranial pressure, nCPP noninvasive cerebral perfusion pressure
  3. DeltaO2Hbi (ΔO2Hbi), change in the oxygenated component of hemoglobin (Hb); delta HHbi (ΔHHbi), change in the deoxygenated component of Hb; delta cHbi (ΔcHbi), sum of the values of ΔO2Hbi; ΔcHbi = ΔHHbi + ΔO2Hbi; ΔSpO2–rSO2, difference between the value of SpO2 and rSO2; N number
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Critical Care

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