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Table 1 Baseline characteristics and outcome of the study patients

From: Impact of withholding early parenteral nutrition in adult critically ill patients on ketogenesis in relation to outcome

EPaNIC patients with surgical contraindication to enteral nutrition and available plasma

Early-PN

Late-PN

P-value

Baseline characteristics time cohort (n = 110)

n = 55

n = 55

 

 Age (years)—median (IQR)

68.1 (55.9–77.8)

66.1 (55.5–73.6)

0.45

 BMI—median (IQR)a

25.3 (22.2–29.2)

25.7 (22.4–33.7)

0.61

 Malignancy—no. (%)

31 (56.3)

32 (58.1)

1.00

 APACHEII score—median (IQR)b

36 (28–39)

35 (31–39)

0.75

 NRS score—median (IQR)c

4 (3–6)

4 (4–6)

0.49

 Diagnostic categories

  

0.69

  (Complications after) abdominal/pelvic surgery—no. (%)

36 (65.4)

33 (60.0)

  (Complications after) thoracic surgery—no. (%)

19 (34.5)

22 (40.0)

Baseline characteristics total cohort (n = 509)

n = 252

n = 257

 

 Age (years)—median (IQR)

64.4 (54.4–73.5)

64.4 (53.7–73.0)

0.99

 BMI—median (IQR)a

24.5 (22.2–28.3)

24.6 (22.0–28.7)

0.89

 Malignancy—no. (%)

161 (63.8)

154 (59.9)

0.36

 APACHEII score—median (IQR)b

27 (16–37)

28 (18–36)

0.86

 NRS score—median (IQR)c

4 (3–6)

4 (3–5)

0.34

 Diagnostic categories

  

0.70

  (Complications after) abdominal/pelvic surgery—no. (%)

168 (66.6)

177 (68.8)

  (Complications after) thoracic surgery—no. (%)

84 (33.3)

80 (31.1)

Outcome of total cohort (n = 509)

n = 252

n = 257

 

 Hazard ratio (95% CI) for time to live ICU discharge

 

1.23 (1.02–1.48)

0.024

 Alive ICU discharge within 8 days—no. (%)

125 (49.6)

151 (58.7)

0.041

 New infection—no. (%)

103 (40.2)

78 (29.8)

0.009

  1. Data are presented as frequencies and percentages or medians with interquartile ranges. Fisher’s exact test and Kruskal–Wallis test were used to analyze univariable differences between patient groups, as appropriate. Hazard ratio and 95% confidence interval (CI) was calculated with the use of Cox proportional-hazard analysis of the effect of late-PN, with adjustment for age, BMI, malignancy, APACHEII score, NRS score, and diagnostic category
  2. aThe body-mass index is the weight in kilograms divided by the square of the height in meters
  3. bScores on the Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation II (APACHE II) range from 0 to 71, with higher scores indicating a greater severity of illness
  4. cScores on Nutritional Risk Screening (NRS) range from 0 to 7, with higher scores indicating a higher risk of malnutrition