Table 1 Only patients with the following characteristics were included in this analysis: (1) on controlled mechanical ventilation; (2) airway plateau pressure, tidal volume and positive-end-expiratory pressure recorded within 48Â h from commencement of mechanical ventilation
From: An appraisal of respiratory system compliance in mechanically ventilated covid-19 patients
Characteristic | Full cohort (n = 745) | First CRS recorded within 48 hr of MV (n = 649) |
|---|---|---|
Age, years: n; median (IQR) | 745; 62 (52–71) | 649; 62 (53–71) |
Male: n (%) | 510 (68) | 445 (69) |
Geographic region: n (%) | ||
 Africa | 19 (3) | 14 (2) |
 Asia | 63 (8) | 57 (9) |
 Australia and New Zealand | 6 (1) | 4 (1) |
 Europe | 326 (44) | 295 (45) |
 Latin America and the Caribbean | 108 (14) | 92 (14) |
 Northern America | 223 (30) | 187 (29) |
Time from onset of symptoms, days: n; median (IQR) | ||
Onset of symptoms to hospital admission | 735; 7 (3–9) | 643; 7 (3–9) |
Onset of symptoms to ICU admission | 735; 7 (5–11) | 643; 7 (5–11) |
Onset symptoms to mechanical ventilation | 735; 8 (5–11) | 643; 8 (5–11) |
Clinical signs on ICU admission: n; median (IQR) | ||
WBC count, 103/µL | 604; 8.9 (6.3–12.8) | 540; 9.0 (6.6–13.0) |
Lymphocyte count, 103 | 459; 0.7 (0.5–1.1) | 402; 0.7 (0.5–1.1) |
Temperature, °C | 329; 37.4 (36.5–38.1) | 293; 37.4 (36.5–38.2) |
Creatinine, mg/dL | 613; 1.0 (0.7–1.4) | 543; 1.0 (0.7–1.4) |
CRP, mg/dL | 216; 118.1 (29.4–206.7) | 194;121 (29.1–205.6) |
Lymphocyte count to CRP ratio | 167; 0.01 (0–0.03) | 147; 0.01 (0–0.03) |
Neutrophil to Lymphocyte ratio | 414; 10.1 (5.6–16.6) | 364;10.2 (5.9–16.6) |
D-dimer level mg/L | 237; 1.3 (0.8–4.7) | 207; 1.4 (0.8–4.4) |
Clinical management during first 28Â days of ICU admission: n (%) | ||
Antibiotics | 713 (96) | 621 (96) |
Antivirals | 288 (50) | 245 (49) |
Continuous renal replacement therapy | 110 (15) | 92 (15) |
Vasoactive drugs | 411 (58) | 365 (58) |
Cardiac-assist devices | 54 (7) | 48 (7) |
ECMO | 72 (10) | 61 (9) |
Prone positioning | 451 (61) | 392 (60) |
Inhaled nitric oxide | 72 (10) | 66 (10) |
Neuromuscular blockadea | 599 (81) | 524 (81) |
Recruitment manoeuvres | 295 (40) | 266 (41) |
Clinical outcomes | ||
Outcome at study end: n (%) | ||
 Died in hospital | 300 (40) | 266 (41) |
 Discharged alive | 400 (54) | 339 (52) |
 Transferred to another facility | 7 (1) | 7 (1) |
 Still in hospital/outcome not finalised | 38 (5) | 37 (6) |
Died in hospital | Â | Â |
 Duration of ICU stay, days: n; median (IQR) | 300; 12 (6–20) | 266; 12 (6–20) |
 Duration of hospital stay, days: n, Median (IQR) | 294; 13 (7–22) | 260; 14 (7–22) |
 Duration of MV, days: n; Median (IQR) | 300; 11 (6–18) | 266; 11 (5–18) |
 Died within 28 days from ICU admission: n (%) | 258 (86) | 231 (87) |
Discharged alive | ||
 Duration of ICU stay, days: n; median (IQR) | 399; 19 (12–30) | 339; 19 (11–3) |
 Duration of hospital stay, days: n; Median (IQR) | 396; 30 (21–46) | 336; 30 (21–45) |
 Duration of MV, days: n; Median (IQR) | 400; 14 (8–23) | 339; 14 (8–23) |
 Discharged alive within 28 days from ICU admission: n (%) | 195 (49) | 165 (49) |