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Table 3 Multivariable logistic regression analyses for independent predictors associated with survival to hospital discharge

From: Surge effects and survival to hospital discharge in critical care patients with COVID-19 during the early pandemic: a cohort study

  Univariate analysis (n = 620) Multivariable analysis Multivariable analysis*
OR Lower 95% CI Upper 95% CI P value OR Lower 95% CI Upper 95% CI P value OR Lower 95% CI Upper 95% CI P value
Admission date (biweekly) 1.07 1.00 1.14 0.042 1.11 1.02 1.20 0.017 1.09 1.00 1.19 0.049
Age (years) 0.94 0.93 0.95 < 0.001 0.92 0.90 0.93 < 0.001 0.91 0.89 0.93 < 0.001
Male sex (reference: female) 0.92 0.64 1.32 0.648 0.88 0.55 1.40 0.596 0.90 0.56 1.47 0.687
BMI 0.98 0.96 1.01 0.157 0.93 0.90 0.96 < 0.001 0.93 0.90 0.96 < 0.001
Race and ethnicity (reference: White or Caucasian)             
 Asian 1.98 1.03 3.83 0.041 1.46 0.66 3.21 0.349 1.24 0.53 2.91 0.619
 Black or African American 0.86 0.41 1.83 0.702 0.67 0.28 1.63 0.378 0.58 0.23 1.46 0.243
 Hispanic or Latino 1.63 1.09 2.43 0.017 0.65 0.38 1.10 0.108 0.69 0.39 1.23 0.207
 Other/unknown 2.01 1.18 3.43 0.010 1.69 0.85 3.37 0.136 1.74 0.84 3.59 0.135
Median gross income ($1000) 1.02 1.01 1.03 < 0.001 1.02 1.01 1.04 < 0.001 1.02 1.00 1.04 0.112
Smoking status (reference: never smoker)             
 Current smoker 1.23 0.53 2.82 0.633 1.13 0.4 3.19 0.819 1.18 0.40 3.50 0.764
 Former smoker 0.51 0.35 0.74 < 0.001 0.74 0.47 1.18 0.208 0.73 0.45 1.19 0.206
 Unknown 0.58 0.31 1.07 0.081 0.7 0.32 1.51 0.365 0.72 0.32 1.64 0.436
Marital status (reference: not married)             
 Married 1.23 0.87 1.72 0.241 1.49 0.97 2.3 0.067 1.50 0.95 2.38 0.081
 Unknown 1.72 0.8 3.67 0.165 0.84 0.33 2.18 0.727 0.88 0.32 2.40 0.804
Hypertension (reference: no) 0.83 0.58 1.18 0.297 1.14 0.72 1.81 0.583 1.21 0.74 2.00 0.449
Diabetes (reference: no) 0.81 0.56 1.16 0.253 0.82 0.51 1.32 0.422 0.84 0.50 1.38 0.485
Chronic kidney disease (reference: no) 0.58 0.35 0.96 0.033 1.49 0.79 2.81 0.223 1.56 0.80 3.03 0.188
Coronary artery disease (reference: no) 0.88 0.49 1.57 0.663 1.28 0.62 2.63 0.499 1.18 0.56 2.52 0.659
Congestive heart failure (reference: no) 0.46 0.26 0.84 0.011 0.70 0.34 1.44 0.338 0.78 0.37 1.65 0.523
COPD (reference: no) 0.6 0.32 1.11 0.104 0.90 0.41 2.00 0.804 0.90 0.39 2.09 0.800
Asthma (reference: no) 1.98 0.84 4.67 0.1162 0.90 0.32 2.56 0.848 0.764 0.263 2.222 0.621
Initial SOFA score 0.83 0.78 0.88 < 0.001 0.83 0.77 0.89 < 0.001 0.820 0.760 0.885 < 0.001
  1. *Mixed effects logistic regression model including admission time, baseline patient characteristics as fixed effects, and a hospital indicator variable as a random effect
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