Skip to main content

Table 1 Study participant demography

From: Fluid proteomics of CSF and serum reveal important neuroinflammatory proteins in blood–brain barrier disruption and outcome prediction following severe traumatic brain injury: a prospective, observational study

Variable

TBI cohort (matched samples)

n = 90

Control cohort

n = 15

TBI validation cohort (non-matched samples)

n = 96

Unit/metric

Age

57 (41–62)

25 (22–29)

54 (36.5–63)

Years

Male

67 (74)

7 (47)

72 (75)

count (%)

GCS admission

7 (3–9)

 

6 (3–11)

Scale 1–15

GCS motor admission

4 (1–5)

 

4 (1–5)

Scale 1–6

Pupils

Bilaterally responsive: 67 (74)

 

Bilaterally responsive: 69 (72)

Count (%)

 

Unilaterally unresponsive: 11 (12)

 

Unilaterally unresponsive: 9 (9.4)

 
 

Bilaterally unresponsive: 9 (10)

 

Bilaterally unresponsive: 16 (17)

 
 

Missing: 3 (3.3)

 

Missing: 2 (2.1)

 

Head AIS

1 (minor): 0 (0)

 

1 (minor): 0 (0)

Score 1–6

 

2 (moderate): 0 (0)

 

2 (moderate): 1 (1.0)

 
 

3 (serious): 10 (11)

 

3 (serious): 10 (10.4)

 
 

4 (severe): 30 (33)

 

4 (severe): 25 (26)

 
 

5 (critical): 43 (48)

 

5 (critical): 57 (59)

 
 

6 (maximum): 0 (0)

 

6 (maximum): 0 (0)

 
 

Missing: 7 (7.8)

 

Missing: 3 (3.1)

 

ISS

25 (19–29)

 

25 (17–29)

Scale

 

Missing: 7 (7.78)

 

Missing: 3 (3.1)

 

Multitrauma

29 (32)

 

26 (27)

Count (%)

Hypotension at SoA

2 (2.2)

 

1 (1.0)

Count (%)

 

Missing: 24 (27)

 

Missing: 26 (27)

 

Hypoxia at SoA

15 (17)

 

18 (19)

Count (%)

 

Missing: 4 (4.4)

 

Missing: 4 (4.2)

 

Stockholm CT score

2.5 (2–3.3)

 

2.5 (1.9–3.3)

Scale

QA

0.0041 (0.0018–0.011)

0.0040 (0.0035–0.0060)

0.009 (0.003–0.027)

Quotient

 

Missing: 19 (21.1)

 

Missing: 71 (74)

 

APOE allele status

No allele: 57 (63)

 

No allele: 64 (67)

Count (%)

 

Heterozygote: 16 (18)

 

Heterozygote: 17 (18)

 
 

Homozygote: 2 (2)

 

Homozygote: 3 (3.1)

 
 

Missing: 15 (17)

 

Missing: 12 (12.5)

 

Evacuation aSDH

33 (38)

 

50 (61)

 

Evacuation EDH

6 (6.8)

 

14 (17)

 

Evacuation tICH

24 (27)

 

13 (16)

 

ICP monitora

38 (43)

 

60 (73)

 

Other intracranial monitorationb

55 (63)

 

39 (48)

 

GOS

GOS 1 (death): 12 (13)

 

GOS 1 (death): 10 (10.4)

Score 1–5

 

GOS 2 (vegetative): 0 (0)

 

GOS 2 (vegetative): 1 (1.0)

 
 

GOS 3 (severe disability): 34 (38)

 

GOS 3 (severe disability): 30 (31)

 
 

GOS 4 (moderate disability): 28 (31)

 

GOS 4 (moderate disability): 29 (30)

 
 

GOS 5 (good recovery): 16 (18)

 

GOS 5 (good recovery): 26 (27)

 

Unfavorable GOS

GOS 1–3: 46 (51)

 

GOS 1–2: 41 (43)

count (%)

  1. Patient demographics are summarized for all cohorts. Data is depicted as median (interquartile range [IQR]) if continuous and otherwise as count (%)
  2. AIS Abbreviated Injury Scale, APOE ApoE lipoprotein, aSDH acute subdural hematoma, CT computerized tomography, EDH epidural hematoma, EVD external ventricular drain, GCS Glasgow Coma Scale, ICP intracranial pressure, ISS injury severity score, GOS Glasgow Outcome Scale, QA albumin quotient, SoA site of accident, tICH traumatic intracerebral hemorrhage
  3. aOther than EVD
  4. bOther than EVD or ICP monitor