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Fig. 3 | Critical Care

Fig. 3

From: Characterization of esophageal motor activity, gastroesophageal reflux, and evaluation of prokinetic effectiveness in mechanically ventilated critically ill patients: a high-resolution impedance manometry study

Fig. 3

High-resolution impedance manometry picture of most frequent reflux types in critically ill patients. On the right high-resolution impedance manometry flowchart, on the left impedance curves for the same time period. a proximal reflux associated with transient lower esophageal sphincter relaxation (TLESR) with preceding panesophageal secondary peristalsis and terminated by secondary peristalsis. b Distal reflux in the absence of lower esophageal sphincter tone. c Distal reflux associated with dry swallow and terminated by secondary peristalsis. d Distal reflux associated with TLESR without preceding secondary peristalsis terminated by secondary peristalsis

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Critical Care

ISSN: 1364-8535