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Table 2 Prognostic factors, anticoagulant medication, and outcomes

From: Incidence, prognostic factors, and outcomes of venous thromboembolism in critically ill patients: data from two prospective cohort studies

 

No VTE

PE-LDVT

NLDVT

n = 2081

n = 47

n = 38

Prognostic factors at ICU admission

   

 Active cancer, n (%)

317 (15.2%)

10 (21.3%)

10 (26.3%)

 Acute infection, n (%)

397 (19.1%)

15 (31.9%)

14 (36.8%)

 Acute renal failure stage, n (%)a

   

  AKI 1

329 (15.8%)

3 (6.4%)

10 (26.3%)

  AKI 2

238 (11.4%)

6 (12.8%)

4 (10.5%)

  AKI 3b

229 (11%)

11 (23.4%)

9 (23.7%)

  Renal replacement therapy

74 (3.6%)

6 (12.8%)

5 (13.2%)

 Age in years, mean (SD)

61.4 (15.1)

59.4 (13.4)

58.9 (15)

 BMI, mean (SD)

26.6 (5.4)

25.8 (4.5)

27.7 (5.2)

 Cardiovascular failure, n (%)

426 (20.5%)

6 (12.8%)

5 (13.2%)

 Central venous access, n (%)

1327 (63.8%)

38 (80.9%)

35 (92.1%)

 Estrogen therapy, n (%)

20 (1%)

0 (0%)

0 (0%)

 Limb paralysis, n (%)

169 (8.1%)

1 (2.1%)

1 (2.6%)

 Major surgery, n (%)

789 (37.9%)

23 (48.9%)

17 (44.7%)

 Mechanical ventilation, n (%)

1448 (69.6%)

36 (76.6%)

32 (84.2%)

 Multiple trauma, n (%)

193 (9.3%)

5 (10.6%)

0 (0%)

 History of VTE, n (%)

167 (8%)

10 (21.3%)

1 (2.6%)

 Respiratory failure, n (%)

429 (20.6%)

17 (36.2%)

9 (23.7%)

 Sex, male, n (%)

1301 (62.5%)

28 (59.6%)

28 (73.7%)

 Stroke, n (%)

176 (8.5%)

1 (2.1%)

0 (0%)

 Thrombophilic disorder, n (%)

15 (0.7%)

1 (2.1%)

0 (0%)

 Vasopressor use, n (%)

1086 (52.2%)

28 (59.6%)

23 (60.5%)

Anticoagulant medication at ICU admission

   

 Antiplatelet medication, n (%)

591 (28.4%)

13 (27.7%)

5 (13.2%)

 Anticoagulant medication, n (%)a

   

  None

380 (18.3%)

5 (10.6%)

3 (7.9%)

  Thrombosis prophylaxis

1227 (59%)

34 (72.3%)

30 (78.9%)

  Therapeutic anticoagulation/other

462 (22.2%)

8 (17%)

5 (13.2%)

Outcomes

   

 ICU length of stay in days, median (IQR)

2.8 (1.6–5.7)

4.9 (2.3–15.6)

5.3 (2.6–15)

 Hospital length of stay in days, median (IQR)c

12 (6–22)

23 (14.2–45.5)

28 (15.2–59.8)

 In-hospital mortality, n (%)

453 (21.8%)

11 (23.4%)

7 (18.4%)

 90-day mortality, n (%)

564 (27.1%)

15 (31.9%)

7 (18.4%)

  1. BMI body mass index, ICU intensive care unit, n number, NLDVT nonleg deep vein thrombosis, PE-LDVT pulmonary embolism and lower extremity deep vein thrombosis, VTE venous thromboembolism
  2. aPercentages may not add up to 100% due to rounding and/or missing data.
  3. bIncludes renal replacement therapy
  4. cStarting from date of ICU admittance
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