Fig. 1From: Monitoring Patient Respiratory Effort During Mechanical Ventilation: Lung and Diaphragm-Protective VentilationTranspulmonary pressure (PL) is generated differently in passive mechanical ventilation (upper panel) and assisted mechanical ventilation (lower panel). During passive ventilation, the pleural pressure swing is positive and transpulmonary pressure is therefore lower than airway pressure (Paw). During assisted ventilation a vigorous inspiratory effort generates a negative swing in pleural pressure resulting in an additive increase in transpulmonary pressure; transpulmonary pressure may therefore be much higher than airway pressure. Pes esophageal pressureBack to article page