Table 2 Comparison between patients with pneumococcal purpura fulminans having asplenia/hyposplenia (n = 34) or eusplenia (n = 33)
Hypo/asplenia, N = 34 | Eusplenia, N = 33 | p | |
|---|---|---|---|
Age, gender, and ICU scores | |||
Age, years | 48.9 ± 14.4 | 49.2 ± 14.1 | 0.83 |
Male gender | 22 (65) | 15 (45) | 0.11 |
SAPS II | 60 ± 14 | 60 ± 18 | 0.24 |
SOFA | 13 [12–16] | 14 [10–15] | 0.48 |
Comorbidities | |||
No coexisting comorbid conditionsa | 24 (71) | 20 (61) | 0.39 |
Chronic respiratory disease | 1 (3) | 0 (0) | 0.32 |
Chronic heart failure | 1 (3) | 0 (0) | 0.32 |
Chronic kidney disease | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | – |
Cirrhosis | 0 (0) | 1 (3) | 0.31 |
Alcohol use | 2 (6) | 7 (21) | 0.07 |
Recent malignant hemopathy | 1 (3) | 1 (3) | 0.98 |
Recent cancer | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | – |
Diabetes mellitus | 3 (9) | 1 (3) | 0.32 |
HIV infection | 1 (3) | 2 (6) | 0.98 |
Obesity | 0 (0) | 1 (3) | 0.31 |
Cerebrovascular disease | 0 (0) | 1 (3) | 0.31 |
Immunosuppressive therapy | 2 (6) | 2 (6) | 0.98 |
Prior to ICU admission | |||
Fever | 29 (85) | 31 (94) | 0.25 |
Headache | 12 (35) | 14 (42) | 0.55 |
Digestive signs | 25 (73) | 16 (48) | 0.04 |
NSAIDs consumption | 5 (56) | 4 (44) | 0.70 |
General practitioner visit in the prior 48 h | 10 (29) | 7 (21) | 0.44 |
Purpura before ICU admission | 25 (73) | 13 (39) | 0.01 |
Antibiotic therapy before ICU-admission | 25 (73) | 21 (64) | 0.38 |
Dysphagia/odynophagia | 2 (6) | 1 (3) | 0.57 |
Myalgia | 8 (23) | 4 (12) | 0.22 |
Arthralgia | 4 (6) | 1 (3) | 0.17 |
Lower limb pain | 13 (38) | 4 (12) | 0.01 |
At ICU admission | |||
Coma Glasgow score | 14 [13–15] | 15 [13–15] | 0.99 |
Temperature, °C | 38.3 [37.4–39.0] | 38.6 [38.0–40.0] | 0.11 |
Neck stiffness | 4 (12) | 2 (6) | 0.41 |
Lower limb hyperalgesia | 14 (41) | 7 (21) | 0.08 |
Biological data at ICU admission | |||
Leukocytes count, 103 mm−3 | 10.9 [6.0–14.9] | 9.7 [1.6–21.0] | 0.34 |
Platelets count, 103 mm−3 | 32 [19–49] | 36 [19–67] | 0.74 |
C-reactive protein, mg/L | 176 ± 86 | 276 ± 155 | 0.01 |
Procalcitonin, ng/mL | 113.5 ± 66.5 | 96.2 ± 59.0 | 0.73 |
Serum urea, mmol/L | 13.0 [11.1–19.0] | 12.0 [8.6–15.0] | 0.14 |
Serum creatinine, μmoL/L | 257 [195–310] | 211 [174–303] | 0.22 |
Prothrombin time, % | 24 [14–35] | 33 [18–48] | 0.12 |
Fibrinogen, g/L | 0.6 [0.4–1.7] | 2.0 [0.9–3.4] | 0.04 |
Arterial lactate, mmol/L | 8.0 [4.9–10.0] | 7.4 [5.6–11.9] | 0.74 |
Troponin, mg/L | 0.2 [0.1–2.6] | 1.0 [0.1–35.7] | 0.55 |
Creatine kinase, IU/L | 677 [210–7825] | 812 [377–4355] | 0.75 |
Microbiological data | |||
Bacteraemia | 31 (91) | 27 (82) | 0.26 |
Lumbar puncture performed | 13 (38) | 16 (48) | 0.40 |
CSF white blood cell counts, 103 mm−3 | 3 [1–5] | 7 [3–277] | 0.06 |
Meningitisb | 2 (17) | 6 (43) | 0.15 |
Positive culture | 6 (46) | 5 (31) | 0.41 |