From: Protective reactive thymus hyperplasia in COVID-19 acute respiratory distress syndrome
Thymus enlargement | Control (n = 37) | COVID (n = 50) | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
All (n = 37) | 0 (n = 28) | A (n = 4) | B (n = 5) | All (n = 50) | 0 (n = 17) | A (n = 14) | B (n = 19) | |
Demographics | ||||||||
Sex ratio (M) | 27 (73) | 21 (75) | 3 (75) | 3 (60) | 37 (74) | 11 (65) | 12 (86) | 14 (74) |
Age (years) | 66.8 ± 14.4 | 64.3 ± 13.9 | 79.5 ± 13.1 | 71.2 ± 13.8 | 63.2 ± 16.5 | 75.4 ± 12.6 | 59.3 ± 12.7 | 55.3 ± 16.2*** |
BMI (kg/m2) | 25.3 ± 4.1 | 25.7 [22.5–27.5] | 27.1 [23.5–30.4] | 23.3 [20.7–32.5] | 28.8 ± 6.4 | 26.8 [25.0–30.3] | 26.7 [24.2–29.8] | 29.3 [26.0–35.7] |
Medical history | ||||||||
Hypertension | 16 (43) | 13 (46) | 1 (25) | 2 (40) | 26 (52) | 13 (76) | 5 (36) | 8 (42)* |
Diabetes | 3(8)) | 3 (11) | – | 1 (20) | 11 (22) | 3 (18) | 3 (21) | 5 (26) |
COPB | 6 (14) | 4 (14) | 1 (25) | 1 (20) | 7 (14) | 5 (29) | 1 (7) | 1 (5) |
Renal failure | 3 (11) | 3 (11) | 1 (25) | – | 11 (22) | 9 (53) | 1 (7) | 1 (5)** |
Cancer | 6 (16) | 6 (21) | 1 (25) | 3 (60) | 5 (10) | 2 (12) | 1 (7) | 2 (11) |
Smoking status | ||||||||
Never | 28 (76) | 21 (75) | 3 (75) | 4 (80) | 40 (80) | 14 (82) | 11 (79) | 15 (79) |
Former | 3 (8) | 3 (11) | – | – | 9 (18) | 3 (18) | 3 (21) | 3 (16) |
Current | 6 (16) | 4 (14) | 1 (25) | 1 (20) | 1 (2) | – | – | 1 (5) |
Biological data at admission | ||||||||
Haemoglobin (g/L) | 11.8 ± 2.6 | 12.0 ± 2.8 | 12.0 ± 1.9 | 10.2 ± 1.6 | 11.8 ± 2.0 | 11.1 ± 2.1 | 13.1 ± 1.7 | 11.5 ± 1.7 |
Leukocytes (× 109/L | 9.4 ± 3.6 | 8.7 [7.1–10.0] | 11.0 [9.3–13.4] | 8.1 [7.4–12.7] | 7.5 ± 4.0 | 5.6 [3.9–8.9] | 6.9 [5.4–8.1] | 8.5 [5.1–10.1] |
Lymphocytes (× 109/L) | 1.6 ± 1.4 | 1.2 [0.8–1.7] | 1.3 [0.9–2.4] | 1.1 [0.4–5.2] | 0.6 ± 1.0 | 0.6 [0.5–1.5] | 0.8 [0.7–1.0] | 1.0 [0.5–1.5] |
Monocytes (× 109/L) | 0.8 ± 0.4 | 0.8 [0.5–1.0] | 0.9 [0.7–1.2] | 0.5 [0.3–0.9] | 0.6 ± 0.3 | 0.5 [0.3–0.9] | 0.5 [0.3–0.7] | 0.7 [0.3–0.9] |
Lymphocytes (%) | 17.4 ± 11.8 | 14.3 [9.8–23.2] | 10.3 [9.5–21.8] | 16.7 [4.3–40.7] | 15.0 ± 8.5 | 15.0 [7.1–24.9] | 12.2 [10.1–18.0] | 13.1 [7.2–19.6] |
Monocytes (%) | 8.6 ± 3.0 | 9.1 [7.2–10.8] | 8.6 [6.0–10.4] | 5.9 [2.5–11.3] | 9.9 ± 9.0 | 10.0 [7.3–11.4] | 8.2 [5.8–9.1] | 7.6 [5.5–10.7] |
Fibrinogen (g/L) | 4.9 ± 2.1 | 5.1 [2.7–6.0] | 6.2 [5.9–6.5] | 4.6 [2.0–7.1] | 6.5 ± 1.9 | 4.8 [4.3–10.0] | 5.9 [5.8–7.0] | 6.9 [5.8–7.3] |
D-dimer (ng/mL) | 2217 ± 2016 | 1527 [1213–4240] | 816 [521–1111] | 2705 | 2900 ± 6500 | 1092 [814–1813] | 1066 [878–2250] | 1256 [825–2040] |
CRP (mg/L) | 57 ± 88 | 21 [2–67] | 55 [19–79] | 44 [11–113] | 131 ± 104 | 128 [62–218] | 115 [64–180] | 86 [33–220] |
Clinical data | ||||||||
SAPS score | 25 [20–38] | 22 [19–30] | 37 [32–50] | 41 [21–59] | 29 [24–36] | 30 [24–36] | 33 [25–39] | 27 [18–32] |
Mechanical ventilation | 16 (43) | 12 (43) | – | 4 (80) | 20 (40) | 6 (35) | 5 (36) | 9 (45) |
Length of stay (days) | 14 ± 12 | 14 ± 12 | 4 ± 3 | 16 ± 14 | 12 ± 12 | 12 ± 12 | 17 ± 13 | 14 ± 10 |
Mech. ventilation (days) | 0.7 ± 2.2 | 0.7 ± 2.2 | – | 1.8 ± 2.4 | 11.1 ± 3.2 | 11.1 ± 3.2 | 15.4 ± 3.8 | 5.2 ± 2.8 |
Secondary pneumopathy | – | – | – | – | 6 (12) | 2 (12) | 2 (14) | 2 (11) |
Deceased | 3 (8) | 3 (11) | – | – | 9 (18) | 7 (41) | 1 (7) | 1 (5)** |