Table 2 Summary of included comparative studies for outcome evaluation
References | Population setting and site | Nation, (continence) | HR/OR/RR (CI) for primary endpoint | Urine output (mL/24 h) | AKI definition by stage | Large population (sample ≥ 100) | Time difference between early and late (hour) | Study quality | SOFA score |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Bouman et al. [16] | Multicenter mixed | Netherland (Europe) | NA | NA | NA | Small | 34.8 | High | 10.36 |
Sugahara et al. [17] | Single-center, surgical | Japan (Asia) | NA | NA | NA | Small | 2.4 | Moderate | NA |
Wald et al. [18] | Multicenter, mixed | Canada (North America) | NA | 329.8 | NA | Large | 24 | High | 12.62 |
Zarbock et al. [19] | Single-center, surgical | Germany (Europe) | 0.66 (0.45–0.97)/–/– | 358.7 | KDIGO Stage 2 | Large | 20 | High | 15.81 |
Gaudry et al. [7] | Multicenter, mixed | France (Europe) | *1.02 (0.81–1.29)/–/– | NA | KDIGO Stage 3 | Large | 55 | High | 10.85 |
Srisawat et al. [20] | Single-center, mixed | Thailand (Asia) | NA | NA | RIFLE-R | Small | 48 | High | 9.28 |
Lumlertgul et al. [21] | Multicenter, mixed | Thailand (Asia) | 0.96 (0.60–1.53)/–/– | 551.1 | KDIGO Stage 1 | Large | 19 | High | 12.04 |
Barbar et al. [8] | Multicenter, mixed | France (Europe) | NA | NA | RIFLE-F | Large | 45 | High | 12.3 |
Yang et al. [22] | Single-center, mixed | China (Asia) | NA | 498.9 | NA | Large | NA | Moderate | 7.35 |
STARRT-AKI [9] | Multicenter, mixed | Multiple countries (Asia, Europe, North America, Oceania, South America) | –/*1.05 (0.90–1.23)/1.00 (0.93–1.09) | 464 | KDIGO Stage 2 | Large | NA | High | 11.7 |