Table 2 Microorganisms involved in first ventilator-associated pneumonia in patients with acute respiratory distress related to Coronavirus disease 19 (C-ARDS) or other viruses (NC-ARDS)
Microorganisms | NC-ARDS (n = 36) | C-ARDS (n = 58) |
|---|---|---|
Gram-negative bacilli | Â | Â |
Haemophilus sp | 4 (11%) | 0 |
Enterobacteriaceae | 17 (47%) | 42 (72%) |
 Enterobacter sp | 4 (11%) | 23 (40%) |
 Klebsiella pneumoniae | 6 (17%) | 4 (7%) |
 Citrobacter sp | 1 (3%) | 2 (4%) |
 Escherichia coli | 4 (11%) | 10 (17%) |
 Hafnia | 0 | 2 (4%) |
 Morganella morganii | 1 (3%) | 0 |
 Serratia | 2 (6%) | 1 (2%) |
 Proteus | 0 | 4 (7%) |
  Extended-spectrum beta-lactamase-producing enterobacteriaceae | 7 (19%) | 10 (18%) |
  Carbapenem-resistant enterobacteriaceae | 0 | 1 (2%) |
Non-fermenting gram-negative bacilli | 20 (56%) | 24 (41%) |
 Acinetobacter sp | 1 (3%) | 1 (2%) |
 Pseudomonas sp | 17 (47%) | 16 (28%) |
 Burkholderia Cepacia | 0 | 1 (2%) |
 Stenotrophomonas maltophilia | 2 (6%) | 3 (5%) |
Gram-positive bacteria | 0 | 4 (3%) |
 Streptococcus pneumoniae | 0 | 0 |
 Others Streptococcus sp | 0 | 2 (4%) |
 Methicillin-sensitive Staphylococcus aureus | 0 | 2 (4%) |
 Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus | 0 | 0 |
 Enterococcus faecalis | 0 | 1 (2%) |
Polymicrobial | 4 (11%) | 13 (22%) |
Diagnostic sampling techniques | Â | Â |
 Bronchoalveolar lavage | 4 (11%) | 3 (5%) |
 Blind protected telescope catheter | 32 (89%) | 55 (95%) |