High flow nasal therapy versus noninvasive ventilation as initial ventilatory strategy in COPD exacerbation: a multicenter non-inferiority randomized trial

Cortegiani, Andrea; Longhini, Federico; Madotto, Fabiana; Groff, Paolo; Scala, Raffaele; Crimi, Claudia; Carlucci, Annalisa; Bruni, Andrea; Garofalo, Eugenio; Raineri, Santi Maurizio; Tonelli, Roberto; Comellini, Vittoria; Lupia, Enrico; Vetrugno, Luigi; Clini, Enrico; Giarratano, Antonino; Nava, Stefano; Navalesi, Paolo; Gregoretti, Cesare

doi:10.1186/s13054-020-03409-0

Critical Care

Table 1 Patients’ characteristics in the high flow nasal therapy (HFNT) and noninvasive ventilation (NIV) groups at baseline

From: High flow nasal therapy versus noninvasive ventilation as initial ventilatory strategy in COPD exacerbation: a multicenter non-inferiority randomized trial

	HFNT group	NIV group	p value
N	40	39
Females, n (%)	19 (47.5)	20 (51.3)	0.7368
Age (years), mean ± SD	74 ± 13	77. ± 12	0.2273
Weight (kg)^a, mean ± SD	85 ± 23	76 ± 13	0.0964
Height (m)^a, mean ± SD	1.7 ± 0.1	1.7 ± 0.1	0.5494
BMI (kg/m²)^a, mean ± SD	30.5 ± 8.7	26.7 ± 5.5	0.0622
Ward of admission, n (%)			0.5807
Emergency room	24 (60)	21 (53.8)
ICU or respiratory unit	16 (40)	18 (46.1)
SAPS II, mean ± SD	30 ± 9	33 ± 10	0.1497
Charlson index, mean ± SD	4 ± 2	5 ± 3	0.4709
Systolic blood pressure (mmHg), mean ± SD	131 ± 27	137 ± 24	0.3629
Diastolic blood pressure (mmHg), mean ± SD	71 ± 17	70 ± 13	0.7089
Heart rate (per min), mean ± SD	91 ± 20	92 ± 19	0.9609
Respiratory rate (per min), mean ± SD	27 ± 7	28 ± 7	0.5544
Body temperature^b (C°), mean ± SD	36.6 ± 0.7	36.8 ± 0.5	0.0489
Kelly Matthay score, n (%)			0.0694
Alert, follows complex command (1)	19 (47.5)	25 (64.1)
Alert, follows simple commands (2)	9 (22.5)	8 (20.5)
Lethargie (3)	12 (30)	4 (10.3)
Stuporous (4)	0 (0)	2 (5.1)
Borg dyspnea score^b, mean ± SD	5 ± 2	5 ± 2	0.4463
RASS, n (%)			0.4813
Light sedation (− 2)	2 (5)	2 (5.1)
Drowsy (− 1)	13 (32.5)	7 (17.9)
Alert and calm (0)	21 (52.5)	26 (66.7)
Restless (+ 1)	4 (10)	4 (10.3)
Secretion, n (%)			0.2163
Normal	23 (57.5)	17 (43.6)
Abundant	17 (42.5)	22 (56.4)
PaCO₂ (mmHg), mean ± SD	73.7 ± 12.8	72.0 ± 13.0	0.5270
Arterial pH, mean ± SD	7.30 ± 0.03	7.29 ± 0.03	0.7450
PaO₂ (mmHg), mean ± SD	64.3 ± 17.6	73.3 ± 27.9	0.1480
SpO₂ (%), median [IQR]	90.1 [87.0–94.1]	92.0 [88.0–96.0]	0.1835
HCO₃⁻ (mmol L⁻¹), mean ± SD	34.3 ± 5.9	33.1 ± 6.30	0.3680
PaO₂/FiO₂, mean ± SD	203.2 ± 45.5	222.4 ± 71.0	0.4801
Lactate^c (mmol L⁻¹), median [IQR]	1.1 [0.7–1.6]	1.1 [0.9–1.5]	0.7376

BMI body mass index, FiO₂ fraction of inspired oxygen, HCO₃⁻ bicarbonate, HFNT high-flow nasal therapy, ICU intensive care unit, IQR interquartile range (first and third quartile), NIV noninvasive ventilation, PaO₂arterial partial pressure, PaCO₂ partial pressure of carbon dioxide, RASS Richmond agitation-sedation scale, SAPS simplified acute physiology score, SD standard deviation
^aData was not available for five patients (three in HFNT and two NIV group)
^bData was not available for one patient in NIV group
^cData was not available for one patient in HFNT group

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ISSN: 1364-8535

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