Fig. 2
From: Automated detection and quantification of reverse triggering effort under mechanical ventilation
Diagram of the diverse methods implemented for RT events detection. This figure shows the step-by-step approach of the automatic detection algorithm to detect reverse triggering according to the mode of mechanical ventilation and the time of the RT occurrence. MV = mechanical ventilation; PT = patient-triggered breath; MT = machine-triggered breath; VCV = volume-controlled ventilation; PCV = pressure-controlled ventilation; PS = pressure support; Paw = airway pressure; ∆Ppeak = variation between the current peak pressure (Ppeak) value and the average of the most immediate previous Ppeak values; ∆Pplat = variation between the current plateau pressure (Pplat) value and the average of the most immediate previous Pplat values; ∆Ppp = difference between ∆Ppeak and ∆Pplat values; PEF = peak expiratory flow; Prob = RT probability values predicted by the logistic regression model; cutoff = optimal probability value for RT event classification; RT insp = reverse triggering during inspiration in VCV and PCV modes, and (*) in auto-triggered breaths in PS; RT pause = reverse triggering during the pause; RT exp1 = reverse triggering late at inspiration producing airflow deformation at the onset of exhalation; RT exp = reverse triggering during expiration occurring within 1.5 s after controlled inspirations; RT BS = reverse triggering producing breath stacking.