Table 1 Baseline characteristics according to RV/LV EDA and CVP. Group 3 included patients suspected to have RV failure
Group 1 (N = 115) | Group 2 (N = 47) | Group 3 (N = 120) | p value | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
Age, year | 65.0 [56.0;74.5] | 65.0 [55.5;74.5] | 67.0 [59.0;77.0] | 0.203 |
Weight | 74.0 [66.5;83.0] | 70.0 [59.5;80.0] | 79.0 [69.5;90.0] | < 0.001 |
Height | 172.0 [165.0;176.0] | 170.0 [165.0;175.0] | 170.0 [162.0;175.0] | 0.294 |
Body mass index | 24.9 [22.5;29.1] | 24.5 [20.8;26.1] | 27.8 [23.8;31.9] | < 0.001 |
SAPS2 | 55.0 [41.0;67.5] | 57.0 [40.0;66.5] | 59.0 [47.0;72.0] | 0.113 |
SOFA score | 10.0 [8.0;12.0] | 9.0 [6.0;11.5] | 10.0 [8.0;12.0] | 0.527 |
Hemodynamic parameters | ||||
Heart rate, bpm | 108.5 [88.0;126.0] | 105.0 [90.0;130.0] | 103.0 [86.0;116.0] | 0.056 |
Systolic arterial blood pressure, mmHg | 120.0 [105.0;133.0] | 96.0 [86.0;113.5] | 108.5 [91.0;124.5] | < 0.001 |
Diastolic arterial blood pressure, mmHg | 65.0 [55.5;74.0] | 53.0 [47.0;63.5] | 58.0 [51.0;68.0] | < 0.001 |
Mean arterial blood pressure, mmHg | 82.0 [72.5;94.0] | 70.0 [61.0;82.0] | 74.0 [65.5;85.0] | < 0.001 |
Pulse pressure variation, % | 9.0 [5.0;14.5] | 13.0 [5.0;20.0] | 8.0 [4.0;13.0] | 0.127 |
Central venous pressure, mmHg | 9.0 [7.0;12.0] | 5.0 [3.0; 6.5] | 12.0 [10.0;14.5] | 0.000 |
Fluid expansion volume before echo, mL | 2000.0 [1000.0;3696.5] | 2000.0 [1427.5;4000.0] | 2000.0 [1000.0;3500.0] | 0.700 |
Arterial blood lactate level, mmol/L | 2.3 [1.5; 4.0] | 2.3 [1.4; 4.2] | 2.2 [1.4; 3.8] | 0.775 |
IAP, mmHg | 10.0 [7.5;15.0] | 8.5 [5.0;10.0] | 11.0 [8.0;14.0] | 0.002 |
Epinephrine | 4 (4.0%) | 2 (4.8%) | 7 (7.1%) | 0.619 |
Epinephrine dose, mg/h | 0.9 [0.6; 1.1] | 1.5 [1.0; 2.0] | 2.0 [1.4; 2.6] | 0.030 |
Norepinephrine | 98 (98.0%) | 40 (95.2%) | 94 (94.9%) | 0.487 |
Norepinephrine dose, mg/h | 1.8 [1.0; 3.6] | 1.9 [1.0; 2.8] | 1.6 [0.8; 2.9] | 0.655 |
Dobutamine | 7 (7.0%) | 6 (14.3%) | 11 (11.1%) | 0.368 |
Dobutamine dose, µg/kg/min | 5.0 [5.0; 6.5] | 5.0 [2.5; 5.0] | 5.0 [2.5; 6.0] | 0.637 |
Echo parameters | ||||
Atrial fibrillation at the time of echo | 17 (14.8) | 5 (10.6) | 25 (20.8) | 0.247 |
E/A ratio | 0.9 [0.7; 1.3] | 0.9 [0.7; 1.2] | 0.8 [0.7; 1.2] | 0.630 |
Superior vena cava collapsibility, % | 11.8 [5.3;25.0] | 15.8 [6.3;28.6] | 10.0 [5.0;25.8] | 0.417 |
Inferior vena cava distensibility, % | 5.3 [0.0;11.1] | 5.9 [0.0;12.5] | 4.5 [0.0; 9.5] | 0.637 |
LVEF, % | 51.0 [39.0;63.0] | 53.0 [41.5;60.0] | 51.0 [38.0;63.5] | 0.995 |
RV/LV end-diastolic area | 0.5 [0.4; 0.5] | 0.7 [0.7; 0.9] | 0.7 [0.7; 0.9] | 0.000 |
Paradoxical septal motion | 2 (1.7%) | 4 (8.5%) | 17 (14.2%) | 0.001 |
Systolic pulmonary artery pressure, mmHg | 41.0 [36.0;48.0] | 38.5 [33.0;43.0] | 45.0 [39.0;52.0] | 0.016 |
CI, L/min/m2 | 3.8 [2.9;4.6] | 3.8 [3.0;4.4] | 3.4 [2.8;4.1] | 0.392 |
TAPSE, mm | 18.0 [15.0;22.0] | 18.0 [15.0;21.0] | 18.0 [14.0;21.0] | 0.298 |
Fluid expansion after echo | 50 (43.5%) | 28 (59.6%) | 37 (30.8%) | 0.002 |
Aortic VTI, cm | 19.4 [16.4;22.1] | 16.8 [15.2;19.9] | 20.0 [15.6;23.3] | 0.185 |