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Table 1 Clinical manifestations of SARS-COV-2 in critical pediatric patients

From: Severe manifestations of SARS-CoV-2 in children and adolescents: from COVID-19 pneumonia to multisystem inflammatory syndrome: a multicentre study in pediatric intensive care units in Spain

 

Total patients (N = 74)

Patients with MIS-C (N = 45)

Patients without MIS-C (N = 29)

p

Gender (male) n/N (%)

46/74 (62.2)

39/45 (66.7)

16/29 (55.2)

0.320

Age (years) Median (IQR)

8.1 (3–11.5)

9.4 (5.5–11.8)

3.4 (0.4–9.4)

0.002

0–5 years n/N (%)

30 (40.5)

12 (26.7)

18 (62.1)

0.003

6–12 years n/N (%)

33 (44.6)

27 (60)

6 (20.7)

 

 > 13 years n/N (%)

11 (14.9)

6 (13.3)

5 (17.2)

 

Weight (kg) Median (IQR)

29.5 (15–43.5)

36 (22.5–50)

15.5 (6.5–32.5)

< 0.001

Previously healthy n/N (%)

52/74 (70.3)

37/45 (82.2)

15/29 (51.7)

0.005

PRISM III Median (IQR)

7 (4–13.5)

7 (5–14)

7 (3–13)

0.544

p-SOFA Median (IQR)

4 (2–6)

4 (3–6)

3 (1–5)

0.135

Symptoms prior to PICU admission

    

Fever n/N (%)

61/73 (83.6)

43/45 (95.6)

18/28 (64.3)

< 0.001

Cough n/N (%)

26/73 (35.6)

12/45 (26.7)

14/28 (50)

0.043

Respiratory distress n/N (%)

23/73 (31.5)

6/45 (13.3)

17/28 (60.7)

< 0.001

Odynophagia n/N (%)

12/68 (17.6)

9/43 (20.9)

3/25 (12)

0.352

Rhinorrhea n/N (%)

11/71 (15.5)

2/43 (4.7)

9/28 (32.1)

0.002

Diarrhea n/N (%)

33/71 (46.5)

30/45 (66.7)

3/26 (11.5)

< 0.001

Nausea n/N (%)

22/53 (41.5)

18/30 (60)

4/23 (17.4)

0.002

Vomits n/N (%)

38/71 (53.5)

32/45 (71.1)

6/26 (23.1)

< 0.001

Refusal to eat n/N (%)

48/69 (69.6)

33/43 (76.7)

15/26 (57.7)

0.096

Headache n/N (%)

16/68 (23.5)

13/44 (29.5)

3/24 (12.5)

0.113

Irritability n/N (%)

15/71 (21.8)

9/45 (20)

6/26 (23.1)

0.760

Altered consciousness n/N (%)

5/72 (6.9)

2/45 (4.4)

3/27 (11.1)

0.281

Seizures n/N (%)

1/72 (1.4)

1/45 (2.2)

0/27 (0)

0.435

Fatigue n/N (%)

38/69 (55.1)

29/44 (65.9)

9/25 (36)

0.016

Myalgias n/N (%)

8/67 (11.9)

7/43 (16.3)

1/24 (4.2)

0.143

Diagnoses within the first 24 h of admission

    

ARDS n/N (%)

11/74 (14.9)

3/45 (6.7)

8/29 (27.6)

0.014

Shock n/N (%)

42/74 (56.8)

38/45 (84.4)

4/29 (13.8)

< 0.001

Acute kidney injury n/N (%)

12/74 (16.2)

9/45 (20)

3/29 (10.3)

0.271

Acute cardiac dysfunction n/N (%)

27/74 (36.5)

24/45 (53.3)

3/29 (10.3)

0.001

Acute liver dysfunction n/N (%)

14/74 (18.9)

11/45 (24.4)

3/29 (10.3)

0.131

  1. Comparison of patients with MIS-C and without MIS-C. Quantitative values are expressed as median values and interquartile range. Qualitative variables are expressed as number of cases with respect to the total number of cases in each group and percentages
  2. IQR Interquartile rank, p-SOFA pediatric sequential organ failure, PRISM III Pediatric risk of mortality score, ARDS Acute respiratory distress syndrome. The criteria used to define diagnostic variables within the first 24 h of admission are defined in the Materials and Methods section
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