Fig. 3
From: Respiratory physiology of COVID-19-induced respiratory failure compared to ARDS of other etiologies
Response to PEEP. Before-and-after plots showing the effects of high PEEP on PaO2/FiO2 ratio (upper left panel), ventilatory ratio (upper right panel), respiratory system compliance (lower left panel), and driving pressure (lower right panel). In both groups, PaO2/FiO2 ratio increased at increasing PEEP, but the increase was significantly higher in the COVID-19 cohort (see also Table 2). Ventilatory ratio could either increase, decrease, or remain unchanged, with no significant difference between cohorts. At high PEEP, compliance increased and driving pressure decreased in non-COVID-19 patients, while no changes were detected in COVID-19 patients. Black dots represent individual patients before and after the increase in PEEP, and individual changes are traced by dotted lines. CRS, respiratory system compliance