Table 1 Baseline characteristics of the study participants according to BMI in the primary analysis
|  | < 18.5 | 18.5 to < 20.0 | 20.0 to < 22.5 | 22.5 to < 25.0 | 25.0 to < 27.5 | 27.5 to < 30.0 | ≥ 30.0 | All |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Number of participants, n (%) | 16,701 (3.8) | 36,957 (8.4) | 114,513 (26.0) | 126,914 (28.8) | 88,193 (20.0) | 39,922 (9.1) | 17,563 (4.0) | 440,763 |
BMI, kg/m2 | 17.6 | 19.3 | 21.3 | 23.7 | 26.1 | 28.5 | 31.8 | 23.7 |
Socio-demographic characteristics | ||||||||
 Age, years | 53.4 | 51.0 | 50.2 | 50.6 | 51.1 | 51.4 | 51.6 | 50.9 |
 Women, % | 61.2 | 55.9 | 58.7 | 60.8 | 60.0 | 62.1 | 70.2 | 60.2 |
 Urban area, % | 32.4 | 32.0 | 37.0 | 44.6 | 50.7 | 54.1 | 56.5 | 43.7 |
 Middle school and higher, % | 49.0 | 50.0 | 50.7 | 51.7 | 51.1 | 49.4 | 47.2 | 50.7 |
Dietary and lifestyle factors | ||||||||
 Male current smoker*, % | 77.2 | 75.7 | 71.3 | 65.7 | 62.6 | 61.5 | 61.5 | 67.4 |
 Female current smoker*, % | 4.3 | 3.0 | 2.4 | 2.2 | 2.0 | 2.0 | 2.3 | 2.3 |
 Male daily drinker, % | 19.8 | 21.8 | 22.6 | 21.4 | 19.6 | 18.7 | 17.0 | 20.9 |
 Female daily drinker, % | 1.1 | 0.9 | 1.0 | 0.9 | 0.9 | 0.8 | 0.7 | 0.9 |
 Physical activity, MET h/d | 21.8 | 22.4 | 22.6 | 22.1 | 21.4 | 20.7 | 19.9 | 21.9 |
 Regular consumption of** | ||||||||
  Fresh fruits, % | 22.7 | 25.7 | 27.5 | 28.7 | 29.3 | 29.4 | 29.1 | 28.2 |
  Fresh vegetables, % | 97.9 | 98.1 | 98.2 | 98.3 | 98.5 | 98.4 | 98.2 | 98.3 |
  Red meat, % | 43.4 | 44.9 | 46.6 | 48.5 | 49.8 | 50.3 | 50.0 | 48.0 |
Anthropometric measures | ||||||||
 Male WC, cm | 67.6 | 71.2 | 76.1 | 82.8 | 89.0 | 94.8 | 101.8 | 82.2 |
 Female WC, cm | 64.0 | 68.3 | 73.1 | 78.8 | 84.3 | 89.6 | 96.5 | 78.9 |
Medical history and health status | ||||||||
 Diabetes, % | 2.4 | 2.9 | 3.7 | 5.1 | 6.6 | 7.7 | 9.7 | 5.2 |
 Self-rated poor health, % | 13.4 | 10.0 | 8.4 | 7.3 | 7.5 | 8.4 | 10.3 | 8.3 |