| HFNC (n = 44) | NIV (n = 42) | Risk difference, % (95% CI) | p value |
---|---|---|---|---|
Primary outcome, n (%) | ||||
 Treatment failure | 10 (22.7) | 12 (28.6) | − 5.8 (− 23.8 to 12.4) | 0.535 |
  Invasive ventilation | 6 (13.6) | 6 (14.29) | − 0.65 (− 16.01 to 14.46) | 0.931 |
  Treatment switch | 4 (9.1) | 6 (14.3) | − 5.2 (− 19.82 to 9.05) | 0.516 |
Analysis of treatment failure, n (%) | ||||
 Treatment intolerance | 0/10 (0) | 6/12 (50.0) | − 50.0 (− 74.62 to − 12.9) | 0.015 |
 Aggravation of respiratory distress | 5/10 (50) | 2/12 (16.67) | 33.33 (− 5.21 to 62.27) | 0.172 |
 Aggravation of hypoxemia | 2/10 (20) | 1/12 (8.33) | 11.67 (− 18.95 to 43.4) | 0.571 |
 Aggravation of carbon dioxide retention | 3/10 (30) | 3/12 (25) | 5 (− 29.15 to 39.33) | 1.0 |