Table 3 Promising mechanisms for multidimensional biomarker development
Mechanism | Potentially influenced by nutrient signaling pathways | Might reflect susceptibility to nutrition intervention | Could reflect response to nutrition intervention | Assays | Currently feasible for point of care |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Genetic | No | Yes | No | Blood or saliva NGS, PCR | No |
Transcriptomic | Yes | Yes | Yes | Blood RNA-seq, PCR | Yes |
Epigenomic | Yes | Yes | Yes | Blood ATAC-seq, bisulfite-seq | No |
Proteomic | Yes | Yes | Yes | Blood mass spec, ELISA, Western blot | Yes |
Metabolomic | Yes | Yes | Yes | Blood or breath volatiles mass spec, HPLC | No |
Microbiome | Yes | Yes | Yes | Stool, respiratory secretions; 16S sequencing, metagenomics | No |