Table 1 Study characteristics
From: Incidence and mortality of pulmonary embolism in COVID-19: a systematic review and meta-analysis
First author (Year) | Study design | City (country) | Male (%) | Age (median, years) | Settings | PE diagnosis | D-dimer (median, mg/dL) | Prophylactic anticoagulation (%) | Mechanical ventilation (%) | ARDS (%) | Overall mortality (%) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Asia | |||||||||||
Wang Y (2020) [2] | RCT (remdesivir group) | Beijing (China) | 56 | 66 | Inpatient | NA | NA | NA | 7 | 10 | 15 |
Wang Y (2020) [2] | RCT (placebo group) | Beijing (China) | 65 | 64 | Inpatient | NA | NA | NA | 13 | 8 | 13 |
America | |||||||||||
Riker RR (2020) [3] | Case series | Portland (USA) | NA | NA | Inpatient (ICU) | CTPA | NA | NA | 100 | 100 | NA |
LeBrun DG (2020) [4] | Retrospective cohort | New York (USA) | 33 | 87* | Inpatient (ICU, ward) | NA | NA | NA | 33 | NA | 56 |
Europe | |||||||||||
Wichmann D (2020) [5] | Case series | Hamburg (Germany) | 75 | 73 | Mortuary | Autopsy | 90.4 | 33 | 33 | NA | 100 |
Klok FA (2020) [6] | Retrospective cohort | Leiden (Netherlands) | 76 | 64* | Inpatient (ICU) | CTPA | NA | 100 | NA | NA | 22 |
Llitjos JF (2020) [7] | Retrospective cohort | Pairs (France) | 77 | 68 | Inpatient (ICU) | CDU | 1.8 | 31 | 100 | 81 | 12 |
Helms J (2020) [8] | Prospective cohort | Strasbourg (France) | 81 | 63 | Inpatient (ICU) | CTPA | 2.3 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 9 |
Menter T (2020) [9] | Retrospective cohort | Basel (Switzerland) | 81 | 76* | Mortuary | Autopsy | 4.0 | NA | 30 | NA | 100 |
Florian Bompard (2020) [10] | Retrospective cohort | Paris (France) | 70 | 64 | Inpatient, outpatient | CTPA | 1.6 | 53 | 13 | NA | 12 |
Hékimian G (2020) [11] | Retrospective cohort | Paris (France) | NA | NA | Inpatient (ICU) | CTPA or autopsy | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA |
Artifoni M (2020) [12] | Retrospective cohort | Nantes (France) | 61 | 64 | Inpatient (ICU, ward) | CTPA | 0.8 | 99 | 11 | NA | NA |
Fraissé M (2020) [13] | Retrospective cohort | Argenteuil (France) | 79 | 61 | Inpatient (ICU) | CDU | 2.4 | 47 | 89 | NA | 41 |
Thomas W (2020) [14] | Retrospective cohort | Cambridge (UK) | 69 | 20–29: 2% 30–39: 5% 40–49: 13% 50–59: 29% 60–69: 22% 70–79: 27% 80–89: 3% | Inpatient (ICU) | CTPA | 0.4 | NA | 83 | NA | 16 |
Lodigiani C (2020) [15] | Retrospective cohort | Milano (Italy) | 68 | 66 | Inpatient (ICU, ward) | CTPA | Survivors: Day 1–3: 0.4 Day 4–6: 0.4 Day 7–9: 0.5 Non-survivors: Day 1–3: 0.9 Day 4–6: 0.9 Day 7–9: 1.5 | 79 | NA | NA | 26 |
Poissy J (2020) [16] | Case series | Lille (France) | NA | NA | Inpatient (ICU) | CTPA | NA | NA | 63 | 63 | 14 |
Gervaise A (2020) [17] | Retrospective cohort | Saint Mande Cedex (France) | 75 | 62* | Outpatient | CTPA | 3.6* | NA | 57 | NA | 15 |
Longchamp A (2020) [18] | Case series | Sion (Switzerland) | 64 | 68* | Inpatient | CTPA | 2.1 | 96 | 92 | NA | 20 |
Leonard-Lorant I (2020) [19] | Retrospective cohort | Strasbourg (France) | 66 | 64 | Inpatient (ICU, ward) | CTPA | PE: 15.4 Non-PE: 1.9 | 46 | NA | NA | NA |
Grillet F (2020) [20] | Retrospective cohort | Besancon (France) | 70 | 66* | Inpatient (ICU, ward) | CTPA | NA | NA | 34 | NA | NA |