Fig. 1
From: Provision of ECPR during COVID-19: evidence, equity, and ethical dilemmas
Current models for ECPR provision in OHCA. In all comers with OHCA, the vast majority will be pronounced dead at scene or on arrival to hospital. a In select patients with refractory cardiac arrest, ECPR may be advocated; this demands consideration of the predominant arrest rhythm (shockable preferable), the presence of bystander CPR, and the logistics of cannulation, ICU capacity, and availability of services such as PCI to determine and treat potential aetiologies. b Expedient cannulation and establishment of extracorporeal perfusion is a requisite of an effective ECPR; for OHCA, this may occur: (i) on-scene cannulation by mobile ECMO practitioners and (ii) rapid retrieval to ECPR hospital