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Table 1 Presenting characteristics of four types of COVID-19 in intensive care patients (n = 151)

From: Classification of COVID-19 in intensive care patients

 

A (n = 37)

B (n = 45)

C (n = 27)

D (n = 42)

Age, years

77 (70–81)

62 (52–70)

65 (51–74)

53 (43–58)

Signs and symptoms

 Cough

26 (70)

45 (100)

12 (44)

34 (81)

 Dyspnea

24 (65)

41 (91)

14 (52)

13 (31)

 Fatigue

19 (51)

27 (60)

21 (78)

1 (2)

 Expectoration

6 (16)

40 (89)

1 (4)

16 (38)

 Diarrhea

5 (14)

20 (44)

7 (26)

9 (21)

 Anorexia

6 (16)

15 (33)

9 (33)

1 (2)

Original comorbidities

 Hypertension

20 (54)

15 (33)

17 (63)

8 (19)

 Diabetes

13 (35)

6 (13)

7 (26)

5 (12)

 CVD

15 (41)

0

6 (22)

2 (5)

Vital signs

 Respiratory rate, rpm

25 (20–32)

22 (20–26)

20 (20–23)

21 (20–25)

 SpO2/FiO2

99 (90–158)

222 (100–294)

297 (237–336)

298 (248–345)

Laboratory findings

Routine blood test

  WBCs, × 109/L

   Day 1

11.1 (8.0–15.5)

7.4 (5.3–10.2)

5.6 (4.5–6.5)

5.2 (3.5–7.2)

   Day 3

12.5 (9.2–17.4)

10.5 (8.3–12.9)

8.3 (5.5–9.3)

6.6 (3.9–8.3)

   Day 5

11.1 (7.4–12.7)

11.5 (7.7–14.6)

6.6 (4.5–7.2)

7.2 (5.1–10.3)

  Absolute lymphocytes, × 109/L

   Day 1

0.5 (0.3–0.7)

0.7 (0.5–1.0)

0.8 (0.7–1.2)

1.0 (0.7–1.4)

   Day 3

0.4 (0.3–0.7)

0.6 (0.4–0.8)

0.8 (0.6–1.7)

0.9 (0.6–1.0)

   Day 5

0.4 (0.3–0.6)

0.8 (0.5–1.3)

0.8 (0.5–1.3)

1.3 (0.8–2.2)

  Absolute neutrophils, ×109/L

   Day 1

9.5 (7.1–15.0)

5.5 (4.3–9.1)

4.2 (3.0–5.1)

3.1 (2.2–5.0)

   Day 3

12.0 (8.2–15.8)

9.5 (7.2–12.0)

5.7 (4.3–8.8)

4.6 (2.5–7.1)

   Day 5

10.2 (6.5–11.8)

10.0 (6.1–13.4)

4.6 (2.7–6.1)

4.7 (3.1–7.2)

  RDW-CV

13.4 (12.8–14.1)

12.2 (11.9–12.8)

12.6 (11.8–13.0)

12.2 (11.8–12.7)

Inflammatory marker

  hs-CRP, mg/L

126 (76–190)

80 (42–109)

19 (5–49)

28 (10–70)

  IL-2R, U/ml

1341 (940–1809)

1038 (678–1185)

701 (430–813)

685 (439–928)

  IL-6, pg/ml

68 (37–137)

43 (21–79)

10 (2–20)

14 (5–30)

  IL-8, pg/ml

42 (21–95)

21 (13–40)

12 (7–24)

15 (10–21)

  IL-10, pg/ml

15 (9–24)

7 (3–11)

3 (3–6)

3 (3–9)

  TNF-α, pg/ml

15 (10–23)

9 (8–11)

7 (5–9)

8 (7–10)

Corticosteroid therapy

28 (76)

38 (84)

13 (48)

27 (64)

  1. Continuous variables were described as median (IQR) while categorical variables were expressed as frequencies (%). All records were measured at admission to intensive care wards unless otherwise indicated. Multiple group comparison was done with Kruskal–Wallis test; proportions for categorical variables were compared using Fisher’s exact test. All calculated P values were less than or equal to 0.001 except for respiratory rate (P = 0.004), absolute lymphocytes at day 3 since admission (P = 0.013), and corticosteroid therapy (P = 0.013)
  2. Abbreviations: CVD cardiovascular disease, rpm breaths per minute, SpO2 peripheral oxygen saturation, FiO2 fraction of inspired oxygen, WBC white blood cell, RDW red cell distribution width
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Critical Care

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