Table 3 Univariable Cox regression model for predicting 28-day mortality in 516 patients with COVID-19 at admission

Age, years#

1.05 (1.04–1.07)

< 0.001

Male sex (vs female)

2.76 (1.69–4.50)

< 0.001

Symptoms onset to admission, days#

0.98 (0.93–1.02)

0.293

Fever (yes vs no)

0.85 (0.46–1.55)

0.587

Dyspnea (yes vs no)

1.79 (1.17–2.74)

0.008

Comorbidity (yes vs no)

1.41 (0.93–2.15)

0.108

Respiratory rate, breaths per min

≥ 24

3.15 (2.07–4.81)

< 0.001

< 24

1 (ref)

Reticular patterns (yes vs no)

2.83 (1.55–5.16)

< 0.001

CURB-65 score#

3.49 (2.81–4.33)

< 0.001

qSOFA score#

3.56 (2.44–5.19)

< 0.001

Leucocytes count, × 10⁹/L#

1.17 (1.13–1.21)

< 0.001

Lymphocyte count, × 10⁹/L#

0.12 (0.07–0.23)

< 0.001

Neutrophils count, × 10⁹/L#

1.04 (1.02–1.05)

< 0.001

NLR

> 8.0

9.74 (5.96–15.94)

< 0.001

≤ 8.0

1 (ref)

Platelets count, × 10⁹/L

< 125

3.94 (2.51–6.18)

< 0.001

≥ 125

1 (ref)

Hemoglobin, g/L#

1.01 (1.00–1.03)

0.038

Albumin, g/L#

0.87 (0.83–0.92)

< 0.001

Total bilirubin, μmol/L

> 20.0

5.69 (3.47–9.33)

< 0.001

13.0–20.0

1.93 (1.14–3.26)

0.014

< 13.0

1 (ref)

Direct bilirubin, μmol/L

> 5.0

4.95 (3.22–7.60)

< 0.001

≤ 5.0

1 (ref)

ALT, U/L

> 40.0

1.49 (0.99–2.25)

0.057

≤ 40.0

1 (ref)

Urea nitrogen, mmol/L

> 8.2

9.65 (5.49–16.93)

< 0.001

5.0–8.2

3.83 (2.19–6.72)

< 0.001

< 5.0

1 (ref)

d-dimer, mg/L

> 1.0

7.33 (3.61–14.88)

< 0.001

0.5–1.0

2.97 (1.25–7.05)

0.014

< 0.5

1 (ref)

PT, s

> 16.0

4.41 (2.55–7.62)

< 0.001

≤ 16.0

1 (ref)

CRP, mg/L

> 40.0

19.96 (4.90–81.40)

< 0.001

8.0–40.0

5.04 (1.15–22.17)

0.032

< 8.0

1 (ref)

Procalcitonin, ng/mL#

1.20 (1.06–1.36)

0.005

LDH level, U/L

> 360

23.67 (11.86–47.24)

< 0.001

≤ 360

1 (ref)