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Table 1 Demographic and baseline characteristics of 828 patients with COVID-19

From: Development and validation of a risk factor-based system to predict short-term survival in adult hospitalized patients with COVID-19: a multicenter, retrospective, cohort study

Characteristics

Enrolled patients (n = 828)

Training cohort (n = 516)

External validation cohort 1 (n = 186)

External validation cohort 2 (n = 126)

Survivors (n = 420)

Non-survivors (n = 96)

Survivors (n = 156)

Non-survivors (n = 30)

Survivors (n = 106)

Non-survivors (n = 20)

Female

n (%)

381 (46.01%)

207 (49.29%)

24 (25.00%)

82 (52.56%)

12 (40.00%)

50 (47.17%)

6 (30.00%)

Male

n (%)

447 (53.99%)

213 (50.71%)

72 (75.00%)

74 (47.44%)

18 (60.00%)

56 (52.83%)

14 (70.00%)

Age (years)

Median (IQR)

62.0 (51.0–69.0)

59.0 (48.0–67.0)

67.0 (61.0–73.8)

63.0 (52.0–69.0)

68.0 (63.8–76.5)

57 (40.8–67.0)

65.0 (61.5–84.5)

 ≤ 50

n (%)

200 (24.15%)

123 (29.29%)

4 (4.17%)

33 (21.15%)

1 (3.33%)

36 (33.96%)

3 (15.00%)

 51–60

n (%)

185 (22.34%)

102 (24.29%)

18 (18.75%)

38 (24.36%)

1 (3.33%)

25 (23.58%)

1 (5.00%)

 61–70

n (%)

276 (33.33%)

118 (28.10%)

41 (42.71%)

57 (36.54%)

16 (53.33%)

36 (33.96%)

8 (40.00%)

 > 70

n (%)

167 (20.17%)

77 (18.33%)

33 (34.38%)

28 (17.95%)

12 (40.00%)

9 (8.49%)

8 (40.00%)

Symptoms onset to admission, days

Median (IQR)

10.0 (7.0–13.0)

10.0 (7.0–13.0)

10.0 (7.0–13.0)

12.0 (9.0–15.0)

12.0 (7.8–15.0)

7.0 (5.0–10.0)

7.0 (5.3–10.8)

Symptoms

 Fever

n (%)

704 (85.02%)

374 (89.05%)

80 (83.33%)

128 (82.05%)

20 (66.67%)

85 (80.19%)

17 (85.00%)

 Cough

n (%)

565 (68.24%)

291 (69.29%)

62 (64.58%)

98 (62.82%)

21 (70.00%)

78 (73.58%)

15 (75.00%)

 Weakness

n (%)

436 (52.66%)

238 (56.67%)

65 (67.71%)

62 (39.74%)

16 (53.33%)

47 (44.34%)

8 (40.00%)

 Shortness of breath

n (%)

268 (32.37%)

146 (34.76%)

33 (34.38%)

38 (24.36%)

4 (13.33%)

35 (33.02%)

12 (60.00%)

 Dyspnea

n (%)

246 (29.71%)

115 (27.38%)

40 (41.67%)

42 (26.92%)

15 (50.00%)

21 (19.81%)

13 (65.00%)

 Myalgia

n (%)

193 (23.31%)

104 (24.76%)

26 (27.08%)

33 (21.15%)

11 (36.67%)

19 (17.92%)

0

 Anorexia

n (%)

163 (19.69%)

89 (21.19%)

28 (29.17%)

19 (12.18%)

3 (10.00%)

21 (19.81%)

3 (15.00%)

 Diarrhea

n (%)

126 (15.22%)

69 (16.43%)

17 (17.71%)

21 (13.46%)

4 (13.33%)

13 (12.26%)

2 (10.00%)

 Mild

n (%)

289 (34.90%)

134 (31.90%)

0

75 (48.08%)

1 (3.33%)

77 (72.64%)

2 (10.00%)

 Severely ill

n (%)

539 (65.10%)

286 (68.10%)

96 (100.00%)

81 (51.92%)

29 (96.67%)

29 (27.36%)

18 (90.00%)

Comorbidities

 Any

n (%)

374 (45.17%)

162 (38.57%)

48 (50.00%)

82 (52.56%)

21 (70.00%)

48 (45.28%)

13 (65.00%)

 Hypertension

n (%)

259 (31.28%)

107 (25.48%)

31 (32.29%)

53 (33.97%)

16 (53.33%)

35 (33.02%)

12 (60.00%)

 Diabetes

n (%)

134 (16.18%)

60 (14.29%)

16 (16.67%)

32 (20.51%)

9 (30.00%)

12 (11.32%)

5 (25.00%)

 Chronic cardiac disease

n (%)

106 (12.80%)

53 (12.62%)

14 (14.58%)

19 (12.18%)

8 (26.67%)

8 (7.55%)

4 (20.00%)

 Cerebrovascular disease

n (%)

26 (3.14%)

6 (1.43%)

4 (4.17%)

5 (3.21%)

5 (16.67%)

2 (1.89%)

4 (20.00%)

 Chronic hepatic disease

n (%)

23 (2.78%)

13 (3.10%)

3 (3.13%)

4 (2.56%)

1 (3.33%)

2 (1.89%)

0

 Chronic respiratory disease

n (%)

25 (3.02%)

11 (2.62%)

3 (3.13%)

8 (5.13%)

0

3 (2.83%)

0

 Chronic renal disease

n (%)

18 (2.17%)

6 (1.43%)

3 (3.13%)

3 (1.92%)

4 (13.33%)

1 (0.94%)

1 (5.00%)

 A history of malignancy

n (%)

27 (3.26%)

16 (3.81%)

5 (5.21%)

1 (0.64%)

3 (10.00%)

2 (1.89%)

0

  1. Categorical variables were presented as frequency rates and percentages
  2. Continuous variables were expressed median (IQR)
  3. CI confidence interval