Table 3 Complications, treatments, and medications in 239 critically ill patients with COVID-19
Characteristics | All patients (n = 239) | Non-survivors (n = 147) | Survivors (n = 92) | p value, survivors vs non-survivors |
|---|---|---|---|---|
Complications | ||||
ARDS | 164 (68.6%) | 118 (80.3%) | 46 (50.0%) | < 0.001 |
Acute cardiac injury | 103 (43.1%) | 81 (55.1%) | 22 (23.9%) | < 0.001 |
AKI | 119 (49.8%) | 99 (67.4%) | 20 (21.7%) | < 0.001 |
Liver dysfunction | 191 (79.9%) | 127 (86.4%) | 64 (69.6%) | < 0.001 |
Coagulopathy | 150 (62.7%) | 111 (75.5%) | 39 (42.4%) | < 0.001 |
Hospital-acquired infection | ||||
Bacterial pneumonia | 25 (10.5%) | 16 (10.9%) | 9 (9.8%) | 0.484 |
Bacteremia | 10 (4.2%) | 8 (5.4%) | 2 (2.2%) | 0.187 |
Urinary tract infection | 5 (2.1%) | 4 (2.7%) | 1 (1.1%) | 0.652 |
Treatments | ||||
Mechanical ventilation | 165 (69.0%) | 119 (81.0%) | 46 (50.0) | < 0.001 |
Invasive | 79 (33.1%) | 71 (48.3%) | 8 (8.7%) | < 0.001 |
Noninvasive | 136 (56.1%) | 95 (64.6%) | 41 (43.6%) | 0.002 |
Noninvasive + invasive | 50 (20.9%) | 47 (32.0%) | 3 (3.3%) | < 0.001 |
Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation | 9 (3.8%) | 9 (6.1%) | 0 (0.0%) | 0.011 |
Renal replacement therapy | 12 (5.0%) | 11 (7.5%) | 1 (1.1%) | 0.022 |
Medications | ||||
Antiviral agents | 132 (55.2%) | 82 (55.8%) | 50 (54.5%) | 0.466 |
Arbidol | 77 (32.2%) | 46 (31.3%) | 31 (33.7%) | 0.776 |
Interferon alpha | 91 (38.1%) | 56 (38.1%) | 35 (38.0%) | 1.000 |
Oseltamivir | 59 (24.7%) | 32 (21.8%) | 27 (29.4%) | 0.218 |
Lopinavir/ritonavir | 38 (15.9%) | 24 (16.3%) | 14 (15.2%) | 0.858 |
Ribavirin | 13 (5.4%) | 6 (4.1%) | 7 (7.6%) | 0.255 |
Ganciclovir | 41 (17.2%) | 21 (14.3%) | 20 (21.7%) | 0.159 |
Antibacterial agents | 229 (95.8%) | 144 (98.0%) | 85 (92.4%) | 0.041 |
Methylprednisolon | 189 (79.1%) | 118 (80.3%) | 71 (77.2%) | 0.339 |
Commutative dosages, median [IQR], mg | 360 [200–580] | 370 [160–640] | 320 [240–580] | 0.517 |
Dose, methylprednisolon equivalent/days, mg | 60.9 ± 21.7 | 64.6 ± 23.0 | 54.7 ± 17.9 | 0.0021 |
Duration of methylprednisolon, days | 6 [4–10] | 6 [3–10] | 7 [5–11] | 0.0345 |
Immunoglobulin | 138 (57.7%) | 94 (64.0%) | 44 (47.8%) | 0.010 |
Thymosin α1 | 103 (43.10) | 67 (45.6%) | 36 (39.1%) | 0.199 |
Length of ICU stay, median [IQR], days | 17 [10–26] | 12 [8–18] | 26.5 [19–46.5] | < 0.001 |