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Table 1 Baseline characteristics of the patients in the study, treatments received in the ICU, and clinical outcomes within 30 days

From: The effect of short-course antibiotics on the resistance profile of colonizing gut bacteria in the ICU: a prospective cohort study

Baseline characteristic

N (%), N total = 48

Age (median years, IQR)

64 (52–74)

Female

21 (44%)

Admitted to ICU from hospital floor

12 (25%)

Baseline immunosuppression

18 (38%)

Primary reason for ICU admission, organized by organ system

 Cardiovascular/shock

14 (29%)

 Respiratory failure

10 (21%)

 Neurological

7 (15%)

 Gastrointestinal

6 (13%)

 Liver

5 (10%)

 Malignancy

3 (6%)

 Renal failure

3 (6%)

Treatments received in the ICU, from the time of admission until 72 h later

 Antibiotics

  Any antibiotics

41 (85%)

  Broad-spectrum antibiotics

39 (81%)

 Non-antibiotic interventions

  Enteral feeding

36 (75%)

  Opioids

35 (73%)

  Mechanical ventilation

26 (54%)

  Proton pump inhibitors

22 (46%)

  Hemodialysis

6 (13%)

Clinical outcomes within 30 days of ICU admission*

 Culture-proven infections

19 (40%)

 MDR infections

14 (29%)

 Death

11 (23%)

  1. Immunosuppression was defined as a history of solid organ transplant or as a receipt of ablative chemotherapy, steroids at the equivalent of ≥ 5 mg/day prednisone, antimetabolites, anti-TNFα agents, calcineurin inhibitors, or mycophenolate. Broad-spectrum antibiotics were β-lactam/β-lactamase inhibitor combination antibiotics, cephalosporins, fluoroquinolones, lincosamides (clindamycin), and monobactams (e.g., meropenem)
  2. *See reference [17] for operationalization of culture-proven infections; MDR infections were the subset of culture-proven infections caused by MRSA, VRE, and Gram-negative bacteria with non-susceptibility to 3rd-generation cephalosporins