Table 3 Treatments and interventions of trauma patients according to the hospital ranking (hospital performance)
From: Trauma complications and in-hospital mortality: failure-to-rescue
Hospital outlier status | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
Low-mortality | Average-mortality | High-mortality | P value | |
Number of institutions | 39 | 72 | 40 | |
Number of patients | 37,073 | 102,368 | 44,773 | |
Blood transfusion within 24 h | 5613 (15.4) | 13,472 (13.5) | 6276 (14.3) | < 0.01 |
Emergency procedures | ||||
Oral intubation | 2982 (8.0) | 9246 (9.0) | 5589 (12.5) | < 0.01 |
Nasal intubation | 42 (0.1) | 184 (0.2) | 114 (0.3) | < 0.01 |
Cricothyroidotomy | 44 (0.1) | 114 (0.1) | 60 (0.1) | 0.51 |
Ventilator use | 2925 (7.9) | 6904 (6.7) | 4562 (10.2) | < 0.01 |
Closed CPR | 44 (0.1) | 165 (0.2) | 80 (0.2) | 0.09 |
Open CPR | 14 (0.04) | 55 (0.1) | 5 (0.01) | < 0.01 |
Aortic cross clamping | 14 (0.04) | 46 (0.04) | 14 (0.03) | 0.47 |
REBOA | 73 (0.2) | 295 (0.3) | 137 (0.3) | < 0.01 |
Thoracentesis | 63 (0.2) | 181 (0.2) | 128 (0.3) | < 0.01 |
Chest drainage | 2012 (5.4) | 6187 (6.0) | 2867 (6.4) | < 0.01 |
Pericardial puncture | 18 (0.1) | 47 (0.1) | 24 (0.1) | 0.83 |
Pericardial fenestration | 12 (0.03) | 32 (0.03) | 12 (0.03) | 0.88 |
Shock pants use | 8 (0.02) | 20 (0.02) | 5 (0.01) | 0.46 |
Tourniquet use | 40 (0.1) | 171 (0.17) | 99 (0.22) | < 0.01 |
Emergency craterization | 240 (0.7) | 678 (0.7) | 372 (0.8) | < 0.01 |
Emergency TAE | 868 (2.3) | 3407 (3.3) | 1270 (2.8) | < 0.01 |
Central venous line use | 1247 (3.4) | 3235 (3.2) | 2141 (4.8) | < 0.01 |
Blood transfusion within 24 h | 2754 (7.4) | 8176 (8.0) | 3608 (8.1) | < 0.01 |
Vasopressor use | 454 (1.2) | 1321 (1.3) | 819 (1.8) | < 0.01 |
Open spine traction | 76 (0.2) | 177 (0.2) | 117 (0.3) | < 0.01 |
Open bone traction | 1834 (5.0) | 5571 (5.4) | 4650 (10.4) | < 0.01 |
External skeletal fixation | 864 (2.3) | 3043 (3.0) | 1390 (3.1) | < 0.01 |
Other emergency bone fixation | 1911 (5.2) | 4389 (4.3) | 1625 (3.6) | < 0.01 |
Primary surgeries | ||||
Craniotomy | 1410 (3.8) | 3785 (3.7) | 1751 (3.9) | 0.14 |
Craterization | 708 (1.9) | 1505 (1.5) | 610 (1.4) | < 0.01 |
Thoracotomy | 211 (0.6) | 655 (0.6) | 289 (0.7) | 0.281 |
Celiotomy | 1156 (3.1) | 2920 (2.9) | 1229 (2.8) | < 0.01 |
Bone reduction and fixation | 14,059 (37.9) | 36,124 (35.3) | 15,418 (34.5) | < 0.01 |
Revascularization | 203 (0.6) | 471 (0.5) | 215 (0.5) | 0.12 |
TAE | 1169 (3.2) | 3170 (3.1) | 1423 (3.2) | 0.69 |
Endoscopic surgery | 85 (0.2) | 157 (0.2) | 78 (0.2) | 0.01 |
Replantation of limbs and digits | 131 (0.4) | 298 (0.3) | 183 (0.4) | < 0.01 |
Hemostasis | 598 (1.6) | 1221 (1.2) | 609 (1.4) | < 0.01 |
Others | 1925 (5.2) | 3973 (3.9) | 2073 (4.6) | < 0.01 |
Secondary surgeries | ||||
Craniotomy | 225 (0.6) | 490 (0.5) | 205 (0.5) | < 0.01 |
Craterization | 55 (0.2) | 119 (0.1) | 41 (0.1) | 0.06 |
Thoracotomy | 40 (0.1) | 79 (0.1) | 25 (0.1) | 0.03 |
Celiotomy | 193 (0.5) | 406 (0.4) | 159 (0.4) | < 0.01 |
Bone reduction and fixation | 497 (1.4) | 1142 (1.1) | 431 (1.0) | < 0.01 |
Revascularization | 10 (0.03) | 31 (0.03) | 17 (0.04) | 0.66 |
TAE | 104 (0.3) | 219 (0.22) | 87 (0.2) | 0.02 |
Endoscopic surgery | 7 (0.02) | 7 (0.01) | 6 (0.01) | 0.14 |
Hemostasis | 31 (0.1) | 98 (0.1) | 53 (0.1) | 0.28 |
Any interventions | 23,770 (64.1) | 62,326 (60.9) | 28,083 (62.7) | < 0.01 |
Any emergency procedures | 9993 (27.0) | 30,011 (29.3) | 16,037 (35.8) | < 0.01 |
Any primary surgeries | 20,281 (54.7) | 51,652 (50.0) | 22,553 (50.4) | < 0.01 |
Any secondary surgeries | 1079 (2.9) | 2420 (2.4) | 952 (2.1) | < 0.01 |