Structural equation modeling the “control of gut overgrowth” in the prevention of ICU-acquired Gram-negative infection

Table 3 VAP count data

	Observational studies	Infection prevention studies
	No intervention	Non-dec	Anti-septic	TAP ± PPAP
Excluding groups with LOS < 7 days
Acinetobacter
CC or observational groups	586/37026^a,b 1.6% (67)	30/2620^a 1.1% (25)	4/780^a 0.5% (5)	67/1521^a 4.4% (25)
Intervention groups		34/2429^b 1.4% (24)	8/786^b 1.0% (5)	41/1721^b 2.4% (26)
Pseudomonas
CC or observational groups	2217/60131^{c, d} 3.7% (81)	200/4288^c 4.7% (38)	27/914^c 3.0% (8)	179/2161^c 8.3% (34)
Intervention groups		167/4169^d 4.0% (37)	24/1027^d 2.3% (8)	106/3193^d 3.3% (37)

Non-dec non-decontamination studies, TAP topical antibiotic prophylaxis, PPAP protocolized parenteral antibiotic prophylaxis.
^aThe counts of Acinetobacter VAP among the three categories of control groups and the category of observation groups among studies after excluding those with length of stay < 7 days differed significantly (p < 0.001; Fisher’s exact test)
^bThe counts of Acinetobacter VAP among the three categories of intervention groups and the category of observation groups among studies after excluding those with length of stay < 7 days differed significantly (p = 0.038; Fisher’s exact test)
^cThe counts of Pseudomonas VAP among the three categories of control groups and the category of observation groups among studies after excluding those with length of stay < 7 days differed significantly (p < 0.001; Fisher’s exact test)
^dThe counts of Pseudomonas VAP among the three categories of intervention groups and the category of observation groups among studies after excluding those with length of stay < 7 days differed marginally (p = 0.05; Fisher’s exact test)

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