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Table 2 Ventilator settings and respiratory targets utilized in the three clinical scenarios

From: VENTILatOry strategies in patients with severe traumatic brain injury: the VENTILO Survey of the European Society of Intensive Care Medicine (ESICM)

PaO2/FiO2

TV (ml/kg PBW)

Highest PEEP

no-IH

(cmH2O)

Highest PEEP

IH

(cmH2O)

PaCO2

no-IH

(mmHg)

PaCO2

IH

(mmHg)

PaO2(mmHg)

SpO2(%)

1) > 300

6–8

[433(72%)]

4–6

[136(23%)]

8–10

[21(3%)]

other

[11(2%)]

15

[182(30%)]

10

[158(26%)]

8

[94(15%)]

5

[69(13%)]

other

[98(16%)]

5

[163(27%)]

10

[155(26%)]

8

[135(23%)]

15

[52(8%)]

other

[96(16%)]

36–40

[308(51%)]

41–45

[105(18%)]

any PaCO2*

[93(16%)]

30–35

[54(9%)]

46–55

[16(2%)]

other

[25(4%)]

36–40

[260(43%)]

30–35

[249(41%)]

41–45

[42(8%)]

46–55

[8(1%)]

any PaCO2*

[7(1%)]

other

[35(6%)]

81–100

[345(57%)]

55–80

[101(17%)]

101–120

[93(15%)]

nmt**

[44(7%)]

> 120

[18(4%)]

> 95

[311(52%)]

92–94

[257(43%)]

88–91

[33(5%)]

2) 150–300

6–8

[331(61%)]

4–6

[192(36)]

8–10

[3(1%)]

other

[10(2%)]

15 [218(41%)]

10 [136(25%)]

8 [71(13%)]

5 [23(5%)]

other [88(16%)]

10

[171(32%)]

8

[131(24%)]

5

[103(19%)]

15

[54(11%)]

other

[77(14%)]

36–40

[250(47%)]

41–45

[110(21%)]

any PaCO2*

[91(19%)]

46–55

[35(6%)]

30–35

[34(6%)]

other

[20(4%)]

36–40

[262(49%)]

30–35

[176[33%)]

41–45

[54(9%)]

any PaCO2*

[10(2%)]

46–55

[4(1%)]

other

[30(6%)]

81–100

[283(53%)]

55–80

[115(21%)]

101–120

[84(16%)]

nmt**

[35(6%)]

>  120

[19(4%)]

92–94

[258(48%)]

>  95

[228(43%)]

88–91

[50(9%)]

3) < 150

4–6

[252(53%)]

6–8

[203(42%)]

8–10

[9(2%)]

other

[16(3%)]

15 [239(50%)]

10 [95(20%)]

8 [37(7%)]

5 [14(3%)]

other [96(20%)]

10

[158(33%)]

8

[94(20%)]

15

[91(19%)]

5

[55(11%)]

other

[83(17%)]

36–40

[175(37%)]

41–45

[118(25%)]

any PaCO2*

[87(16%)]

46–55

[48(10%)]

30–35

[29(7%)]

other

[19(5%)]

36–40

[224(47%)]

30–35

[129[26%)]

41–45

[75(16%)]

any PaCO2*

[15(3%)]

46–55

[9(2%)]

other

[29(6%)]

81–100

[218(45%)]

55–80

[151(32%)]

101–120

[61(13%)]

nmt**

[36(7%)]

> 120

[14(3%)]

92–94

[227(47%)]

> 95

[148(31%)]

88–91

[106(22%)]

  1. *If arterial pH is in range
  2. **Adjusted to
  3. Abbreviations: TV tidal volume, PEEP positive end-expiratory pressure, PaCO2 partial pressure of arterial carbon dioxide, PaO2 partial pressure of arterial oxygen, SpO2 arterial blood oxygen saturation, IH intracranial hypertension, PBW predicted body weight, nmt neuromonitoring