Table 1 Characteristics of pediatric patients requiring extracorporeal membrane oxygenation in Ontario, Canada (2009–2016)
Variable | Overall (n = 342) | Neonatal (n = 103) | Cardiac failure (n = 169) | Respiratory failure (n = 70) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
Sex, n (%) | ||||
Male | 187 (54.7) | 66 (64.1) | 79 (46.7) | 42 (60.0) |
Female | 155 (45.3) | 37 (35.9) | 90 (53.3) | 28 (40.0) |
Age, years (non-neonatal) or days (neonatal), mean (SD) | 2.9 (5.0) | 9.6 (7.6) | 3.0 (4.7) | 7.0 (6.2) |
Income, n (%) | ||||
Lowest | 87 (25.4) | 33 (32.0) | 37 (21.9) | 17 (24.3) |
Low | 64 (18.7) | 21 (20.4 | 36 (21.3) | 7 (10.0) |
Middle | 72 (21.1) | 22 (21.4) | 35 (20.7) | 15 (21.4) |
High | 67 (19.6) | 15 (14.6) | 33 (19.5) | 19 (27.1) |
Highest | 49 (14.3) | 12 (11.7) | 25 (14.8) | 12 (17.1) |
Unknown | * | * | * | * |
Rurality, n (%) | ||||
Urban | 305 (89.2) | 93 (90.3) | 148 (87.6) | 64 (91.4) |
Rural | 35 (10.2) | 10 (9.7) | 19 (11.2) | 6 (8.6) |
Time to ECMO from admission, days, median (IQR) | 5 (1–13) | 5 (2–11) | 5 (1–14) | 6 (1–19) |
Chronic complex conditions, n (%)a | ||||
Any complex chronic condition | 274 (79.9) | 81 (78.6) | 140 (82.8) | 53 (74.6) |
Prematurity | 52 (15.2) | 18 (17.5) | 23 (13.6) | 11 (15.5) |
Cardiovascular | 217 (63.3) | 61 (59.2) | 132 (78.1) | 24 (33.8) |
Metabolic | 19 (5.5) | 0 (0.0) | 7 (4.1) | 12 (16.9) |
Other congenital or genetic abnormality | 58 (16.9) | 17 (16.5) | 31 (18.3) | 10 (14.1) |