Table 1 Patient characteristics for both training and validation sets

Gender (m/f (%))

15/2 (88.2)

14/7 (66.7)

–

6/2 (75.0)

9/2 (81.8)

–

Age in years (median (IQR))

58.0 (44.8–70.0)

36.0 (20.0–57.3)

p = 0.037*

60.7 (56.3–70.3)

43.8 (33.3–55.2)

p = 0.016*

Injury Severity Score (median (IQR))

22.0 (17.5–35.8)

29.0 (26.0–40.2)

p = 0.146

27.0 (16.0–35.5)

22.0 (16.5–29.0)

p = 0.450

ICU stay in days since trauma (median (IQR))

7.0 (5.0–10.0)

13.0 (9.5–15.2)

p = 0.014*

14.7 (11.3–31.9)

22.6 (6.3–30.6)

p = 0.904

EEG start in hours after trauma (median (IQR))

15.0 (8.0–19.0)

17.0 (8.0–25.2)

p = 0.586

16.8 (9.8–21.9)

4.5 (3.3–7.5)

p = 0.033*

EEG recording time in hours (median (IQR))

137.0 (95.8–162.8)

144.0 (98.8–168.0)

p = 0.744

163.3 (138.1–166.1)

128.2 (73.0–157.8)

p = 0.062

ICP (yes/no (%))

12/5 (70.6)

7/14 (33.3)

–

5/3 (62.5)

2/9 (18.2)

–

Decompressive craniectomy (yes/no (%))

6/11 (35.3)

1/20 (4.8)

–

2/6 (25.0)

2/9 (18.2)

–

 Propofol

15/2 (88.2)

19/2 (90.5)

–

8/0 (100)

11/0 (100)

–

 Midazolam

10/7 (58.8)

8/13 (38.1)

–

7/1 (87.5)

6/5 (54.5)

–

 Fentanyl

15/2 (88.2)

21/0 (100)

–

8/0 (100)

11/0 (100)

–

 Noradrenaline

15/2 (88.2)

19/2 (90.5)

–

8/0 (100)

11/0 (100)

–