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Table 2 Outcomes of patients with severe sepsis and septic shock according to the time to antibiotics

From: Implementation of earlier antibiotic administration in patients with severe sepsis and septic shock in Japan: a descriptive analysis of a prospective observational study

 

Time to antibiotic use (min)

p value

0–60

61–120

121–180

181–240

241–360

361–1440

Crude in-hospital mortality among all patients, n/total (%), n = 1124

96/343 (28.0)

66/327 (20.2)

35/161 (21.7)

19/94 (20.2)

26/103 (25.2)

21/96 (21.9)

0.219

Crude in-hospital mortality among patients with septic shock, n/total (%), n = 703

68/215 (31.6)

47/207 (22.7)

27/94 (28.7)

16/61 (26.2)

21/69 (30.4)

16/57 (28.1)

0.466

Crude in-hospital mortality among patients from ED, n/total (%), n = 631

61/210 (29.1)

36/194 (18.6)

14/94 (14.9)

8/45 (17.8)

15/56 (26.8)

4/32 (12.5)

0.022

Adjusted in-hospital mortality among all patients (95% CI)a, n = 949

28.7 (23.3–34.1)*

21.6 (16.5–26.6)*

23.2 (16.4–30.0)

20.4 (12.1–28.7)

20.5 (12.6–28.5)

21.1 (12.5–29.7)

 

Adjusted in-hospital mortality among patients with septic shock (95% CI)a, n = 615

30.0 (23.5–36.5)

22.3 (16.1–28.5)

28.5 (19.3–37.6)

27.4 (15.9–38.9)

25.1 (15.2–35.1)

21.6 (11.1–32.0)

 

Adjusted in-hospital mortality among patients from ED (95% CI)a, n = 503

27.9 (21.1–34.6)*

18.4 (12.2–24.5)*

17.8 (9.3–26.2)

17.2 (5.4–28.9)

24.1 (12.2–36.0)

12.8 (5.7–25.0)

 

Crude 28-day mortality, n/total (%), n = 1112

75/338 (22.2)

55/325 (16.9)

26/159 (16.4)

15/92 (16.3)

22/103 (21.4)

17/95 (17.9)

0.445

ICU-free days, median (IQR), n = 902

20 (12–24)

20 (13–24)

20 (9–23)

18 (6–24)

18 (10–24)

19 (1023)

0.3522

Ventilator-free days

21 (0–28)

21 (8–28)

22 (0–28)

20 (0–27)

21 (0–27)

20 (0–28)

0.3947

Length of hospital stay

26 (13–46)

22 (11–43)

26 (13–49)

21 (13–38)

25 (12–54)

29 (13–48)

0.4827

  1. ED emergency department, CI confidence interval, ICU intensive care unit, IQR interquartile range
  2. *< 0.05
  3. aAdjusted by age, gender, admission source (emergency department, ward, or in intensive care unit), CCI, antibiotic use before arrival, site of infection (e.g., lung, abdomen, urinary tract, soft tissue, central nerve system, or blood stream-related), SOFA score, and intravenous fluid bolus completed within 3 h (30 mg/kg crystalloid)