Table 1 Baseline characteristics of the study population
Variables | JTDB derivation cohort | JTDB validation cohort | CRASH-2 validation cohort |
|---|---|---|---|
Number of subjects | 99,867 | 110,885 | 20,197 |
Multiple imputation | Yes | No | No |
Sex, n (%) | |||
Male | 63,177 (63.3) | 68,132 (61.4) | 16,927 (83.8) |
Female | 36,690 (36.7) | 42,727 (38.5) | 3269 (16.2) |
Missing data | 0 (0.0) | 26 (0.0) | 1 (0.0) |
Age, years [range] | 61 [39, 76] | 63 [41, 78] | 30 [24, 43] |
Missing data, n (%) | 0 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) |
Type of trauma, n (%) | |||
Blunt injury | 95,943 (96.1) | 104,110 (93.9) | 11,184 (55.4) |
Penetrating injury | 3745 (3.7) | 3658 (3.3) | 6549 (32.4) |
Blunt and penetrating injury | 178 (0.2) | 158 (0.1) | 2464 (12.2) |
Missing data | 1 (0.0) | 2959 (2.7) | 0 (0.0) |
Physiological signs on arrival at an emergency department | |||
Systolic blood pressure, mmHg [range] | 132 [110, 155] | 135 [115, 156] | 95 [80, 110] |
Missing data, n (%) | 0 (0.0) | 4014 (3.6) | 318 (1.6) |
Heart rate, beats/min [range] | 81 [70, 96] | 82 [70, 95] | 105 [90, 120] |
Missing data, n (%) | 0 (0.0) | 5594 (5.0) | 137 (0.7) |
Respiratory rate, rate/min [range] | 20 [16, 24] | 20 [16, 24] | 22 [20, 26] |
Missing data, n (%) | 0 (0.0) | 17,539 (15.8) | 191 (0.9) |
Glasgow Coma Scale | 15 [13, 15] | 15 [14, 15] | 15 [11, 15] |
Missing data, n (%) | 0 (0.0) | 9884 (8.9) | 23 (0.1) |
Traumatic brain injury, n (%) | 30,666 (30.7) | 30,893 (27.9) | Not available |
Missing data, n (%) | 0 (0.0) | 7515 (6.8) | Not available |
Injury Severity Score | 13 [9, 22] | 10 [9, 20] | Not available |
Missing data, n (%) | 0 (0.0) | 8226 (7.4) | Not available |