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Table 1 Participant characteristics by group

From: Effects of a swallowing and oral care intervention for patients following endotracheal extubation: a pre- and post-intervention study

Characteristic

SOC (n = 54)

Control (n = 117)

P value

Demographic

 Age, years, mean (SD)

71.4 (10.8)

68.2 (10.8)

0.39a

 Female gender, n (%)

21 (38.9)

42 (35.9)

0.74b

 Education, years, mean (SD)

9.4 (5.3)

9.9 (4.8)

0.94a

 Current smoker, n (%)

9 (17.0)

30 (25.9)

0.24b

 Body weight, mean (SD)

59.5 (11.5)

64.1 (15.1)

0.44a

 Body mass index, mean (SD)

22.9 (4.0)

23.8 (5.3)

0.49a

Clinical

 Admission diagnosis, n (%)

  

0.83b

  Respiratory failure

23 (42.6)

53 (45.3)

 

  Septic shock/sepsis

14 (25.9)

28 (23.9)

 

  Heart disease

12 (22.2)

18 (15.4)

 

  Gastrointestinal bleeding

3 (5.6)

8 (6.8)

 

  Other

2 (3.7)

10 (8.5)

 

 APACHE II score, n (%)

  

0.13b

  0–24

26 (48.1)

72 (61.5)

 

  ≥ 25

28 (51.9)

45 (38.5)

 

 Intake level, n (%)

  

< 0.01b

  FOIS level 1

34 (63.0)

48 (41.0)

 

  FOIS levels 2–3

17 (31.5)

33 (28.2)

 

  FOIS levels 4–7

3 (5.6)

36 (30.8)

 

Oxygen supplementation, n (%)

38 (70.4)

62 (53.9)

0.05b

Salivary flow, cm/5 min, median (IQR)

3.0 (3.0)

3.9 (2.0)

0.03a

  1. FOIS functional oral intake scale, SOC swallowing and oral care, APACHE Acute Physiological and Chronic Health Evaluation. FOIS Level 1, nothing by mouth; level 2, tube dependent with minimal attempts of food or liquid; level 3, tube dependent with consistent oral intake of food or liquid; level 4, total oral diet of a single consistency; level 5, total oral diet with multiple consistencies, but requiring special preparation or compensations; level 6, total oral diet with multiple consistencies with special preparation, but with specific food limitations; level 7, total oral diet with no restrictions
  2. aMann-Whitney U test
  3. bFisher’s exact test