Table 1 Summary of studies comparing different methods for targeted temperature management (TTM) in adult cardiac arrest patients
Author, year [ref] | Study | OHCA/IHCA | Patients | Target temperature | Duration TTM | Mortality | Neurological outcome | TTM method 1 (n), TFD (Y/N) | TTM method 2 (n), TFD (Y/N) | LOE |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Look, 2018 [13] | RCT | OHCA | 45 | 32–34 °C | 24 h | Hospital discharge | Hospital discharge | Endovascular (23), Y | Blankets (22), Y | Moderate |
Glover, 2016 [14] | R* | OHCA | 934 | 33 or 36 °C | 24 h | 6 months | 6 months | Endovascular (240), Y | Surface (694), Y | Low |
Deye, 2015 [12] | RCT | OHCA | 400 | 32–34 °C | 24 h | 3 months | 28 days | Endovascular (203), Y | Surface (197), N | High |
Oh, 2015 [15] | R | OHCA | 803 | 32–34 °C | 24 h | Hospital discharge | Hospital discharge | Endovascular (244), Y | Surface (559), Y | Very low |
De Waard, 2015 [23] | R | OHCA | 173 | 32–34 °C | 24 h | Hospital discharge | NR | Endovascular (97), Y | Blankets (76), Y | Very low |
Pittl, 2013 [24] | RCT | Both | 80 | 32–34 °C | 24 h | Hospital discharge | Hospital discharge | Endovascular (39), Y | Blankets (39), Y | Moderate |
Tomte, 2011 [17] | R | OHCA | 167 | 32–34 °C | 24 h | 6 months | 6 months | Endovascular (75), Y | Blankets (92), Y | Very low |
Flint, 2007 [31] | R | Both | 42 | 32–34 °C | 24 h | Hospital discharge | NR | Endovascular (19), Y | Blankets (23), Y | Very low |
Sonder, 2018 [16] | P | Both | 120 | 32–34 °C | 24 h | Hospital discharge | Hospital discharge | Endovascular (48), Y | Blankets (72), Y | Low |
Gillies, 2010 [32] | R | Both | 83 | 32–34 °C | 12 to 24 h | Hospital discharge | Hospital discharge | Endovascular (42), Y | Blankets (41), N | Very low |
Ferreira, 2009 [28] | R | OHCA | 49 | 32–34 °C | 24 h | Hospital discharge | Hospital discharge | Endovascular (24), Y | Surface (25), N | Very low |
Flemming, 2006 [30] | R | OHCA | 80 | 32–34 °C | 24 h | Hospital discharge | NR | Endovascular (31), Y | Blankets (49), Y | Very low |
Rosman, 2016 [25] | R | Both | 34 | 32–34 °C | 24 h | ICU discharge | NR | Endovascular (17), Y | Blankets (17), N | Very low |
Caulfield, 2011 [27] | P | Both | 41 | 32–34 °C | 24 h | Undefined | NR | Endovascular (26), Y | Blankets (15), Y | Low |
De Fazio, 2019 [19] | R* | OHCA | 352 | 32–34 °C | 24 or 48 h | 6 months | 6 months | Endovascular (218), Y | Blankets (134), Y | Low |
Feuchtl, 2007 [29] | R | OHCA | 39 | 32–34 °C | 24 h | Hospital discharge | NR | Endovascular (19), Y | Cold packs (20), N | Very low |
Shinada, 2014 [34] | R | Both | 51 | 32–34 °C | 24 h | 1 month | 1 month | Blanket (40), Y | Blankets (11), Y | Very low |
Rana, 2011 [35] | P | OHCA | 46 | 32–34 °C | 24 h | Hospital discharge | NR | Blanket (28), N | Cold fluids + packs (18), N | Low |
Heard, 2010 [33] | RCT | OHCA | 64 | 32–34 °C | 24 h | Undefined | 3 months | Blanket (34), Y | Blankets (30), N | High |
De Waard, 2013 [36] | P** | Both | 115 | 32–34 °C | 24 h | ICU discharge | NR | Peritoneal lavage (16), Y | Blankets (99), Y | Very low |
Kim, 2018 [26] | R | Both | 4246 | 32–34 °C | 24 h | Hospital discharge | Hospital discharge | Endovascular (376), Y Intra-cavitary (377), N | Blankets (2107), Y Blankets, pads, packs (1386), N | Very low |
Forkmann, 2015 [37] | P | OHCA | 63 | 32–34 °C | 24 h | 30-day | NR | Endovascular (40), Y | Blankets (23), N | Low |