Temporal change in characteristics and outcomes of acute kidney injury on renal replacement therapy in intensive care units: analysis of a nationwide administrative database in Japan, 2007–2016

Table 2 Outcomes of patients treated with renal replacement therapy for acute kidney injury in intensive care units from 2007 to 2016

	Year										P for trend
	2007	2008	2009	2010	2011	2012	2013	2014	2015	2016	P for trend
In-hospital mortality, %	44.9	44.2	45.0	44.0	41.8	40.2	38.2	38.7	37.0	36.1	< 0.001
Adjusted odds ratio (95% CI) for in-hospital mortality*	1 (ref)	0.95 (0.86, 1.06)	0.97 (0.87, 1.08)	0.89 (0.80, 0.99)	0.84 (0.75, 0.94)	0.80 (0.72, 0.89)	0.74 (0.66, 0.83)	0.76 (0.68, 0.85)	0.72 (0.65, 0.81)	0.66 (0.59, 0.74)	n/a
Length of hospital stay (median [IQR]) among hospital survivors	39 [21, 68]	37 [19, 66]	36 [21, 64]	40 [23, 68]	42 [23, 77]	41 [23, 75]	40 [21, 72]	38 [21, 69]	37 [21, 68]	36 [20, 65]	0.660
Proportion of dialysis dependence (%) among hospital survivors	15.7	17.2	15.6	16.9	18.2	19.3	19.0	19.3	19.0	19.4	< 0.001

CI confidence interval, IQR interquartile range, n/a not available
*Adjusted for age, sex, main diagnosis category, route of intensive care unit admission, Charlson comorbidity index score, coded with CKD, duration from hospital admission to renal replacement therapy initiation, renal replacement therapy modality, and treatment on the day of renal replacement therapy initiation (mechanical ventilation, any blood transfusion, any vasoactive drug, intra-aortic balloon pumping, extracorporeal membrane oxygenation, and plasma exchange)

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