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Table 1 Low level of ICU ESBL-E cross-transmission in a non-outbreak situation

From: Is systematic fecal carriage screening of extended-spectrum beta-lactamase-producing Enterobacteriaceae still useful in intensive care unit: a systematic review

Year

Authors

Design

N

Outcome

Brief results

2017

Repessé et al. [28]

Cohort study

470

ESBL-E fecal carriage

Cross-transmission assessed by epidemiology and ESBL gene sequencing

62/470 (13.2%) of imported ESBL-E fecal carriage

9/221 (4.1%) of acquired ESBL-E fecal carriage

2/9 acquisitions were likely to be due to cross-transmission

2016

Alves et al. [27]

Cohort study

309

ESBL-E fecal carriage

Cross-transmission assessed by epidemiology, rep-PCR and plasmid PCR

25/309 (8%) of imported ESBL-E fecal carriage

19/309 (6.5%) of acquired ESBL-E fecal carriage

1/19 acquisition was likely to be due to cross-transmission

2015

O’Connell et al.

[26]

Cohort study

316

ESBL-E fecal carriage

Cross-transmission assessed by epidemiology and PFGE

50/316 (15.8%) of ESBL-E fecal carriage

2 cases of suspected cross-transmission for E.coli and 2 for E. cloacae but only 1 (E. cloacae) occurred in ICU

2014

Kim J et al. [25]

Cohort study

347

Acquisition of ESBL-E by epidemiology and PFGE

98/347 (28.2%) of imported ESBL-E fecal carriage

11/91 (12.1%) of acquired ESBL-E fecal carriage in ICU

No case of cross-transmission

2007

Harris et al. [24]

Cohort study

1806

Acquisition of ESBL-producing E. coli by epidemiology and PFGE

97/1806 (5%) of ESBL-E fecal carriers including as follows:

23/97 (24%) of acquired ESBL-producing E. coli fecal carriage

3/23 (13%) acquisitions were likely to be due to cross-transmission

2004

Thouverez et al.

[23]

Cohort study

2883

Acquisition of ESBL-E by epidemiology and PFGE

9/28 cases of ESBL-E acquisition explained by cross-transmission

1996

Gori et al. [22]

Cohort study

8640

Acquisition of ESBL-producing K. pneumoniae by antibiotype, plasmid content, PFGE, and RAPD

45/8640 (0.5%) ESBL-E fecal carriage

4 ESBL-producing K. pneumoniae clonal groups among which 2 are associated with clusters of cross-infection involving 5 and 12 patients

  1. ESBL-E extended-spectrum beta-lactamase-producing Enterobacteriaceae, ICU intensive care unit, PFGE pulsed-field gel electrophoresis, RAP rapid amplified polymorphic DNA, rep-PCR repetitive-element polymerase chain reaction