Table 2 Entry criteria of extracorporeal support trials
From: Extracorporeal gas exchange: when to start and how to end?
Study | Patients enrolled | Inclusion criteria |
|---|---|---|
NIH adult ECMO trial Zapol et al. 1979, JAMA | 90 | Severe ARF: -PaO2 < 50 mmHg for at least 2 h despite 100% FIO2 and 5 cmH2O of PEEP (fast entry) -PaO2 < 50 mmHg for at least 12 h despite 60% FIO2 and 5 cmH2O of PEEP or a Qs/Qt > 30% with 100% of FIO2 and 5 cmH2O PEEP |
PCIRV vs ECCO2R Morris, 1994, Am J Respir Crit Care Med | 40 | -ARDS (defined as P(a/A)O2 < 0.2, bilateral chest radiographic infiltrates, total compliance < 50 ml/cmH2O, wedge pressure < 15 mmHg and no signs of heart failure) |
-ECMO criteria: - PaO2 < 50 mmHg for at least 2 h despite 100% FIO2 and 5 cmH2O of PEEP (fast entry) - PaO2 < 50 mmHg or Qs/Qt > 30% for at least 12 h despite 60% FIO2 and 5 cmH2O of PEEP, in a > 48 h ICU patients (slow entry) | ||
CESAR trial Peek et al. 2009, Lancet | 180 | -Severe but potentially reversible respiratory failure (Murray score > 2.5 or hypercapnia with arterial pH < 7.2) |
-Age 18–65 | ||
-Ventilation/high FIO2 < 7 days | ||
-No cranial bleeding | ||
-No contraindication to heparin | ||
-No contraindication to continuation of the active treatment | ||
EOLIA trial Combes et al. 2018, NEJM | 249 | -ARDS |
-Mechanical ventilation < 7 days | ||
-With (despite ventilator optimization): • PaO2/FIO2 < 50 for at least 3 h • PaO2/FIO2 < 80 for at least 6 h • Arterial pH < 7 .25 with PaCO2 > 60 mmHg for at least 6 h |