From: Cardiovascular determinants of resuscitation from sepsis and septic shock
MAP > 65 mmHg | Baseline | Volume expansion | Norepinephrine | Dobutamine | ||||
Variable | Responders | Not responders | Responders | Not responders | Responders | Not responders | Responders | Not responders |
 Patients |  |  | 35 | 20 | 12 | 11 | 6 | 2 |
 SAP | 85 ± 21 | 74 ± 18 | 121 ± 30* | 95 ± 27* | 138 ± 28* | 100 ± 28* | 124 ± 24 | 102 ± 25 |
 DAP | 43 ± 10 | 48 ± 7 | 44 ± 16 | 43 ± 12* | 35 ± 13* | 35 ± 16* | 43 ± 11* | 31 ± 15 |
 MAP | 57 ± 3 | 57 ± 3 | 70 ± 3* | 60 ± 2* | 70 ± 2* | 57 ± 2* | 70 ± 2* | 60 ± 6 |
 PPV | 16.8 ± 1.1 | 13.7 ± 2.1 | 11.3 ± 1.3* | 11.8 ± 1.1* | 10.7 ± 1.1* | 11.0 ± 0.9* | 9.6 ± 3.5 | 6.3 ± 5.3 |
 CI | 2.09 ± 0.11 | 2.10 ± 0.11 | 2.59 ± 0.17* | 2.47 ± 0.17* | 2.60 ± 0.19* | 2.39 ± 0.26 | 2.92 ± 0.04* | 2.20 ± 0.31 |
 HR | 112 ± 8 | 115 ± 6 | 88 ± 8* | 108 ± 8* | 92 ± 5* | 114 ± 8 | 93 ± 6* | 115 ± 7 |
 SV | 34.8 ± 5.6 | 34.2 ± 3.8 | 54.9 ± 9.3* | 42.9 ± 6.5* | 54.1 ± 4.7* | 37.5 ± 5.4 | 56.4 ± 8.0* | 32.8 ± 6.2 |
 SVV | 17.2 ± 1.9 | 20.7 ± 3.4 | 11.6 ± 1.8* | 15.9 ± 4.3* | 11.1 ± 1.7* | 11.0 ± 3.2* | 11.0 ± 2.0 | 11.0 ± 1.4 |
 Eadyn | 1.00 ± 0.13 | 0.67 ± 0.14 | 0.99 ± 0.15 | 0.80 ± 1.75* | 0.98 ± 0.14 | 1.08 ± 0.38* | 0.88 ± 0.44 | 0.60 ± 0.57 |
 Ees | 1.43 ± 0.39 | 1.40 ± 0.28 | 1.73 ± 0.31* | 1.50 ± 0.30* | 1.81 ± 0.25* | 1.19 ± 0.19* | 1.70 ± 0.09* | 1.40 ± 0.71 |
 Ea | 2.20 ± 0.38 | 1.96 ± 0.42 | 1.98 ± 0.34* | 1.97 ± 0.37 | 2.24 ± 0.37* | 2.44 ± 0.44* | 1.93 ± 0.12* | 2.35 ± 0.63 |
 Ea/Ees | 1.62 ± 0.43 | 1.44 ± 0.36 | 1.74 ± 0.31* | 1.38 ± 0.44 | 1.26 ± 0.28 | 2.12 ± 0.59* | 1.14 ± 0.10* | 2.05 ± 1.49 |
 Pra | 7.9 ± 1.2 | 7.3 ± 1.7 | 8.5 ± 1.4* | 8.6 ± 1.8* | 9.0 ± 2.1 | 9.9 ± 1.2* | 6.8 ± 1.5* | 6.5 ± 0.7 |
 Pmsa | 13.2 ± 1.2 | 12.6 ± 1.8 | 15.2 ± 1.3* | 14.5 ± 1.8* | 15.1 ± 2.1* | 15.4 ± 1.5 | 15.4 ± 2.1 | 11.7 ± 1.7 |
 Pvr | 5.3 ± 0.5 | 5.3 ± 0.4 | 6.7 ± 0.5* | 6.0 ± 0.6 | 6.7 ± 0.4* | 5.7 ± 0.8 | 8.8 ± 0.8* | 5.7 ± 0.8 |
 Eh | 0.41 ± 0.05 | 0.42 ± 0.57 | 0.44 ± 0.05* | 0.42 ± 0.06 | 0.45 ± 0.06 | 0.37 ± 0.04* | 0.57 ± 0.04* | 0.49 ± 0.03 |
 SW | 2736 ± 963 | 2311 ± 723 | 6171 ± 2284* | 3722 ± 1577* | 6789 ± 1923* | 3480 ± 1389 | 6411 ± 2131* | 3019 ± 978 |
 LV efficiency | 0.67 ± 0.11 | 0.61 ± 0.12 | 0.74 ± 0.07* | 0.73 ± 0.15* | 0.68 ± 0.09 | 0.66 ± 0.15 | 0.70 ± 0.04 | 0.60 ± 0.11 |
CI > 15% | Baseline | Volume expansion | Norepinephrine | Dobutamine | ||||
Variable | Responders | Not Responders | Responders | Not Responders | Responders | Not Responders | Responders | Not Responders |
 Patients |  |  | 49 | 6 | 7 | 14 | 5 | 3 |
 SAP | 83 ± 20 | 66 ± 22 | 115 ± 29* | 81 ± 34 | 103 ± 25 | 118 ± 34* | 118 ± 32 | 122 ± 18 |
 DAP | 44 ± 10 | 51 ± 8 | 43 ± 15 | 51 ± 12 | 46 ± 1* | 35 ± 14* | 46 ± 14 | 35 ± 5 |
 MAP | 57 ± 3 | 56 ± 2 | 67 ± 6* | 61 ± 4* | 72 ± 2 | 62 ± 7 | 70 ± 2* | 64 ± 8 |
 PPV | 16.0 ± 1.8 | 12.7 ± 2.3 | 11.4 ± 1.3* | 11.8 ± 1.2 | 11.0 ± 1.4 | 11.1 ± 0.7* | 11.3 ± 0.6 | 10.3 ± 0.6 |
 CI | 2.09 ± 0.12 | 2.07 ± 0.52 | 2.58 ± 0.16* | 2.28 ± 0.12* | 2.70 ± 0.17* | 2.45 ± 0.23 | 2.86 ± 0.05* | 2.70 ± 0.44* |
 HR | 112 ± 7 | 119 ± 5 | 94 ± 12* | 108 ± 11* | 108 ± 13 | 105 ± 14 | 91 ± 8 | 102 ± 16 |
 SV | 34.5 ± 5.2 | 34.9 ± 2.9 | 51.4 ± 10.0* | 43.2 ± 8.9* | 47.4 ± 9.4 | 44.6 ± 9.9 | 54.2 ± 10.3* | 50.7 ± 15.7 |
 SVV | 18.3 ± 3.1 | 19.7 ± 2.0 | 13.0 ± 3.5* | 14.3 ± 4.2* | 8.0 ± 2.8 | 11.3 ± 2.8* | 11.7 ± 2.9 | 10.3 ± 0.6 |
 Eadyn | 0.91 ± 0.20 | 0.65 ± 1.56 | 0.92 ± 0.20 | 0.89 ± 0.27 | 1.50 ± 0.70 | 1.04 ± 0.31* | 1.01 ± 0.24 | 1.00 ± 0.10 |
 Ees | 1.44 ± 0.37 | 1.25 ± 0.15 | 1.67 ± 0.34* | 1.48 ± 0.20* | 1.70 ± 0.20 | 1.41 ± 0.35 | 1.70 ± 0.10* | 1.43 ± 0.48 |
 Ea | 2.16 ± 0.37 | 1.70 ± 0.48 | 2.02 ± 0.33* | 1.65 ± 0.34 | 1.83 ± 0.21 | 2.36 ± 0.36* | 1.93 ± 0.15 | 2.27 ± 0.46 |
 Ea/Ees | 1.57 ± 0.39 | 1.44 ± 0.61 | 1.27 ± 0.36* | 1.15 ± 0.38 | 1.09 ± 0.17 | 1.80 ± 0.62* | 1.14 ± 0.12 | 1.82 ± 1.12 |
 Pra | 7.7 ± 1.4 | 7.2 ± 1.3 | 8.3 ± 1.4* | 10.5 ± 1.2* | 8.0 ± 1.7 | 9.3 ± 1.7* | 5.8 ± 0.8* | 7.3 ± 1.5 * |
 Pmsa | 13.1 ± 1.4 | 12.4 ± 1.4 | 14.8 ± 1.5* | 16.1 ± 1.3* | 14.5 ± 1.4* | 15.4 ± 1.8* | 13.2 ± 1.9 | 15.4 ± 3.3 |
 Pvr | 5.3 ± 0.5 | 5.2 ± 0.3 | 6.5 ± 0.7* | 5.6 ± 0.4* | 6.5 ± 0.3* | 6.1 ± 0.8 | 7.4 ± 1.6 | 8.1 ± 2.0 |
 Eh | 0.41 ± 1.47 | 0.42 ± 0.04 | 0.44 ± 0.50* | 0.35 ± 0.03* | 0.45 ± 0.07* | 0.40 ± 0.06* | 0.56 ± 0.06* | 0.52 ± 0.04* |
 SW | 2639 ± 902 | 2115 ± 808 | 5535 ± 2267 | 3373 ± 2294 | 4507 ± 1900 | 4965 ± 2415* | 5932 ± 2804 | 5759 ± 2448 |
 LV efficiency | 0.65 ± 0.12 | 0.62 ± 0.08 | 0.73 ± 0.10* | 0.80 ± 0.14* | 0.77 ± 0.09 | 0.66 ± 0.12 | 0.71 ± 0.05 | 0.66 ± 0.06 |