From: What is the lowest change in cardiac output that transthoracic echocardiography can detect?
TTE parameters | One measurement | Two measurements | Three measurements | Four measurements | Five measurements |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
LV parameters | |||||
E wave | 7 [4–11]% | 5 [3–8]% | 4 [2–6]% | 4 [2–6]% | 3 [2–5]% |
A wave | 8 [4–11]% | 6 [3–8]% | 5 [2–6]% | 4 [2–5]% | 6 [3–8]% |
e’ wave | 9 [5–14]% | 6 [3–10]% | 5 [3–8]% | 5 [2–7]% | 4 [2–6]% |
E/A ratio | 10 [5–14]% | 7 [4–10]% | 6 [3–8]% | 5 [3–7]% | 4 [2–6]% |
E/e’ ratio | 12 [8–18]% | 8 [6–13]% | 7 [5–11]% | 6 [4–9]% | 5 [4–8]% |
s’ wave | 9 [6–13]% | 6 [4–9]% | 5 [3–8]% | 4 [3–7]% | 4 [3–6]% |
VTI | 6 [4–9]% | 4 [3–7]% | 4 [2–5]% | 3 [2–5]% | 3 [2–4]% |
LVEF | 14 [7–17]% | 10 [5–12]% | 8 [4–10]% | 7 [3–8]% | 6 [3–7]% |
RV parameters | |||||
TAPSE | 7 [5–11]% | 5 [4–8]% | 4 [3–6]% | 4 [3–6]% | 3 [2–5]% |
S wave | 8 [4–12]% | 6 [3–8]% | 5 [2–7]% | 4 [2–6]% | 3 [2–5]% |
LV and RV dimensions | |||||
LVEDA | 7 [5–11]% | 5 [3–8]% | 4 [3–6]% | 4 [2–5]% | 3 [2–5]% |
RVEDA | 9 [6–14]% | 7 [4–10]% | 5 [3–8]% | 5 [3–7]% | 4 [3–6]% |
RVEDA/LVEDA | 11 [7–16]% | 8 [5–12]% | 6 [4–9]% | 6 [3–8]% | 5 [3–7]% |