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Table 3 Categorical variables and outcome/treatment variables not included in the mixture modeling

From: Identification of subclasses of sepsis that showed different clinical outcomes and responses to amount of fluid resuscitation: a latent profile analysis

Clinical variables, n (%)

Profile 1 (n = 10,340)

Profile 2 (n = 1305)

Profile 3 (n = 1635)

Profile 4 (n = 1713)

P values

Male gender

5539 (53.6)

601 (46.1)

943 (57.7)

884 (51.6)

<0.001

Ethnicity

    

<0.001

 Asian

246 (2.4)

19 (1.5)

45 (2.8)

64 (3.7)

 

 Black

879 (8.5)

156 (12.0)

269 (16.5)

216 (12.6)

 

 Hispanic

331 (3.2)

34 (2.6)

64 (3.9)

59 (3.4)

 

 Unknown

1217 (11.8)

126 (9.7)

186 (11.4)

184 (10.7)

 

 White

7667 (74.1)

970 (74.3)

1071 (65.5)

1190 (69.5)

 

Admission type

    

<0.001

 Elective

648 (6.3)

43 (3.3)

51 (3.1)

84 (4.9)

 

 Emergency

9438 (91.3)

1229 (94.2)

1546 (94.6)

1581 (92.3)

 

 Urgent

254 (2.5)

33 (2.5)

38 (2.3)

48 (2.8)

 

Type of ICU

    

<0.001

 CCU

1307 (12.6)

190 (14.6)

236 (14.4)

166 (9.7)

 

 CSRU

894 (8.6)

42 (3.2)

54 (3.3)

125 (7.3)

 

 MICU

5515 (53.3)

874 (67.0)

1071 (65.5)

972 (56.7)

 

 SICU

1515 (14.7)

123 (9.4)

201 (12.3)

309 (18.0)

 

 TSICU

1109 (10.7)

76 (5.8)

73 (4.5)

141 (8.2)

 

D1 fluid input (median [IQR])

5115.43 [2661.98, 8800.37]

2624.94 [1320.00, 4925.19]

6047.19 [3001.75, 11,219.73]

5683.17 [3165.68, 9129.45]

<0.001

D2 fluid input (median [IQR])

2139.66 [900.00, 3871.71]

1638.55 [720.00, 2949.81]

2019.12 [592.79, 4435.06]

2690.00 [1209.69, 4589.09]

<0.001

Vasopressor, n (%)

2558 (24.7)

254 (19.5)

855 (52.3)

485 (28.3)

<0.001

SOFA (median [IQR])

4.00 [2.00, 6.00]

4.00 [3.00, 6.00]

9.00 [6.00, 12.00]

8.00 [5.00, 10.00]

<0.001

90-day mortality, n (%)

2358 (22.8)

346 (26.5)

744 (45.5)

557 (32.5)

<0.001

Hospital LOS (median [IQR])

12.00 [7.00, 20.00]

10.00 [6.00, 17.00]

10.00 [5.00, 19.00]

11.00 [6.00, 20.00]

<0.001

ICU LOS (median [IQR])

4.00 [2.00, 9.00]

4.00 [2.00, 9.00]

4.00 [2.00, 9.00]

4.00 [2.00, 10.00]

<0.001

Hospital mortality, n (%)

1744 (16.9)

238 (18.2)

743 (45.4)

470 (27.4)

<0.001

Use of RRT, n (%)

395 (3.8)

52 (4.0)

458 (28.0)

84 (4.9)

<0.001

  1. Abbreviations: BP blood pressure, CCU coronary artery unit, CSRU cardiac surgery recovery unit, GCS Glasgow Coma Scale, ICU intensive care unit, IQR interquartile range, LOS length of stay, MICU medical intensive care unit, RRT renal replacement therapy, SICU surgical intensive care unit, SOFA sequential organ failure assessment, TSICU trauma-neuro intensive care unit, UO urine output